Lamka Post | December 28, 2007

PTC (Hq) in veh

Lamka, Dec 27: Mizoram Paite Tribe Council(PTC) President Ph. Laldongliana (37) s/o Pastor PH Rothuam apaisa Dec 22, 2007 nitak a Aizawl ah accident a liam serious ziak a Imphal Shija Hospital a ki-enkol zan in Paite Tribe Council (PTC)/Hq apan in T. Singneng President PTC/Hq makaih in vehna va nei ua, PTC/Hq. min in Rs. 5000/- pia uhi. Thutut kingah dan in, a liam nakluat ziak in tunitan in khophawklou in ICU ah om lel hi.

MHA/ZRO in thusuah bawl

Lamka, Dec 27: Zomi Re-Unification Organisation (ZRO) nuai a Ministry of Home Affairs Secretary Kenneth in thusuah a bawl Press a kimu in ataklatdan in, khopi sung ah zu zuakna himhim nitak dak 6 nung kham bikbek ahihdan puang a, nitak dak 6 nung a customer te tutpih hiam zu pekhia hiam a om leh, atung ah pawlpi’n action la ding ahihdan puang hi. Tuabanah, Christmas leh Kumthak lopna hun pailel sung in, kuaman cracker leh bazaar bomb zuak phallouh ahihdan puang in, kuaman leng kimawlpih lou ding in theihsakna bawl hi. Kangvai lam atai passenger gari neu (Jeep leh adang dang te) kingakna mun ding Tipaimukh Road leh Mata, Lamjang lam a taite ading Hmuiva Veng ahihdan gen in, hiai Dan bohse lou ding in Passenger Jeep te zasak hi. Khopi sung ah gari tai te himhim 30 Km/hr kheng a tailou ding in Home Secretary/ZRO in theisak a, zu kham ziak hiam, thil dangdang kham ziak a kuaman mipi buai theihna ding a nna semlou ding in theihsakna bawl a, a tung a Dan tuamtuam kikhung bohse te tung ah Pawlpi nasem ding ahihdan leng puang hi.



Suanlal leh Diki kiteng ding

Lamka, Dec 27: Mr. Pausuanlal @ Suanlal s/o Khaizasong Guite of Elim Veng New Lamka leh Miss Lalbiakdik d/o L. Chinkhannang of Bungmual, zingchiang December 28, 2007 zinglam dak 10 in New Lamka Baptist Church Elim Veng ah kiteng ding uhi.



Mang leh Mawi kiteng ding

Lamka, Dec 27: Thanglianmang S/o (L) Thongkhanneng of Bungmual leh Kimthianmawi D/o T Dongzathang of Langgol te zingchiang (December 28) suun dak 12 in EBC Bungmual Biakinn ah Saptuam Dan siangthou in kiteng ding uhi. Hiai hun uap chiat ding in Mouneite’n news tungtawn in chialna bawl uhi.



Lamka Driver Union in Corrigendum bawl dia theisak kawm in vau

Lamka, Dec 27: Lamka leh Aizawl kikal a Tata Sumo passenger pua a service te lamkal a omdan toh kisai a lungkimlouh thu passenger te’n press a thutut a bawl uh toh kisai in tuni’n Lamka Driver’s Union in thusuah bawl hi.

Thusuak in a taklatna ah, tulai a Lamka leh Aizawl a gairi a kidaihlouhluat ziakin Lamka apan Dec 21 a khawllou a paisuak in zinglam dak 6 in Aizawl tung suak ua, gari bawl ding neuhneuh om ziakin sunnung dak 2.10 in Aizawl apan Lamka zuan a kipankhe thei nawn pan ahihdan uh taklang uhi. Nitak dak 12 vel in Khawdungsei tung a, hiai hun a Driver te zudawn buai ziaka Khodungsei tangval khat leh Driver te kisubuai chih leh hiai suveng ding in KDS VC te kigolh chih leng thu mumal neilou ahihdan taklang kawm in VC te toh amau pawl kimulou himhim uh ahihdan uh taklang uhi.

Thusuak in a taklatna ah, zinglam dak 7 in Khodungsei apan kipankhe nawn in sunnung dak 3:30 in Tuima tung ua, hiai apan nitak a pai phallouh chih banah, Muallum Army Check Post zan nung a pelh phallouh himahleh passenger te lak a Army Officer khat in ken a moh teng ka paw ding a chih dungzui in Tuima apan kipankhia in nitak dak 7:30 in Suangdoh apan kipankhe nawn in nitak dak 10 a Singngat tung ahihdan uh taklang uhi.

Thusuakin a taklatzelna ah, Lamka manoh in ma sawn zel ua, nitak dak 10:50 in Muallum Army Check post tung ua, tua ah passenger te lak a Army Officer khat leh midang khat in paisuak thei ding a, a nget sung uh kingak lel himahleh passenger te lak a khat in Zu dawn a passenger te kingak sak a chih pen thu mumal neilou leh kisuk minsiat nawpna lel hi’n LDU in ngai ahihdan taklang kawm in driver khat in passenger te vuak nang singkhuah gari a koih chihleng thu bulbal neilou leh chiamnuihna maimai lel hi’n taklang hi. Tuabanah, numei naupang tuang ngam nawnlou kichi leng driver ihmut suaklua driver khat ihmu zual passenger ten thakhat a a phon uh leh lamkhang a electric khuam kikoih gawikhak ziak a Dinglian te inkuan tuangngam nawnlou uh hizaw hi’n leng taklang uhi.

Thusuakin a taklat zelna ah, driver te omdan ahiloupi a kisuahpen driver te nekzonna suksiat sak sawmna leh muhsitna lel hi a, thusuah bawltu in driver te leh passenger dangte ngaihtuahlou a amah mimal tunbaih ding deihna a press a thutut a bawlpen ngaisiamlou uh ahihdan uh taklang hi. Hiai thu press a thutut bawltu in December 31, 2007 tan a Corrigendum (bawldikna) a suah kei a, a tung a thiltung a omleh LDU in mohpawlou ding hi’n taklang hi.



Safari Ka zuak nuam

Ka gari hoih mahmah lai Safari ka zuak nuam a a deihte’n J&J Fast Food, Lamka Post Building ah thuchian ngah theih ding hi.

Prop: J&J Fast Food



Youth Congress pawl in Press meet sam; DYCC in helna neih di’n vau

Lamka, Dec 27: CCpur Dist. Youth Congress Committee (CDYCC) in hun paisa bangtan hiam apan Khuga Project ah Contact Work khenkhat Khuga Spill way leh Intake division leh Khuga Head Work Division nuai ah nasep tuamtuam nei in gen ua, nasem tuten leng deih bang a nasep a zoh nung uh tuni tan Govt in apaiak louh ziak in tuni sunnung dak 2:30 in DYCC Office ah Press meet sam hi.

DYCC President in agenna ah kum paisa 2003 apan 2006 sung a, DYCC member te nasepna KSID leh KHD nuai a Protection wall leh Site drain kibawlte zohsiang nung nasan ua, Finance Dept in tam veipi fund khah (released) mahleh tan khak neilou uh ahihdan gen hi. Nasepna ding Fund om hun teng in Dist MLA apat Chief Minister tanpha kiang ah recommendation lasek mahle uh Congress mi-le-sate a ding in bangmah phatuamna omlou ahihdan gen hi. Hiai hun a president in a genna ah, recommendation pen kikhemna maimai ahihdan theichian ua, zumhuai leh khasiathuai a sakdan taklang a, CDYCC neglect a om pen lamdang sa lungkimlouh thu puang ua, kikhemna maimai pen pawm thei nawnlou uh ahihziak in Dec 27 apan Jan.10, 2008 tan a Bill pending teng Chief Minister leh IFCD Minister in apiak kei leh helna chikhat (agitation) pat sawm uhi. Banghiam thil tung om leh Govt. in a mohpaw hi’n gen uhi.



Liamte kiang ah Ex-gratia pe ding

Lamka, Dec 27: Kumlui 2006 a Tuila Bus accident a liam mi 68 te kiang ah zangna dopna (Ex-gratia) sum phiak khiakna zingchiang zinglam dak 11:00 in DC/CCpur Office Conference Hall ah om ding hi. Huai hun ah next of kin teng hawh ding in SDO/CCpur in theisak a, NOK hoh loute kiang ah sum piak khiak hilou ding hi.



Bike tai lai apan kia in liam

Lamka, Dec 27: Mrs. Kikim (38) w/o Manglen of Jalenphai zan sunnung dak 3:00 vel in Khengjang ah Bike nung a tuang kia in, a lu lak nasa in tun Dist Hospital Lamka ah etkol in om hi.



Local Pastor in hong

Lamka, Dec 27: Baptist Youth fellowship (BYF) Dorca’s veng in “Kahatna Topa” motion picture CD album abawl uh tuni tak dak 6:00 in Dorca’s veng EBCC biak inn ah Pastor V. Songkhothang Local pastor Dorcas veng EBCC in hong hi. Huai CD album deihten zingchiang apan lei theih ding hi.



Commander in X-mas leh kumthak thu chah bawl

Lamka, Dec 27: Brig. BC Sharma Commander 27 Sector Assam Rifle leh huai a SM leh Rank nei tengteng in Manipur a Christian te kiang ah X-mas leh Kumthak 2008 thu chah bawl in tua ah mipite laka kilemna muanna leh kipahna a tun deih thu puang uhi.



Computerised Reservation System leh Bus Parking hong ding

Lamka, Dec 27: Director of Transport Govt. of Manipur saina in hong tung ding December 29, 2007 zinglam dak 10:30 leh 11:30 in Lamka khopi a dia a masapen ding in Tuibuang a om Transport office ah Computerised Passenger Reservation System leh New Bazar a Bus Parking kibawl thak honkhiakna om ding hi.

Hiai hun honkhiakna Shri L. Jayenta Kumar singh, Minister (Tpt/Edn/Seri), in Chief Guest hikawm in hongkhe ding a, PHED Minister Shri T.N. Haokip leh Works Minister Shri K. Ranjit singh ten Functional President leh Guest of Honour hihna toh uap ding uhi.



Christmas sung in buaina omlou

Lamka, Dec-27: Lamka area a tutung Christmas zatna veng tuamtuam ah om a, khenkhat in ni khat khen khat in ni 2 zang ua, huai hun sung in bangmah buaina om lou in kizou siang hi. Join Philanthropic organization leh pawlpi khenkhatte panlakna ziakin puak thei tuamtuam leng zak in om lou hi.



Office kai tom mahmah

Lamka, Dec- 27: Govt office tuamtuamte tuni apan office kai nawn mahle uh office tamzaw ah office kai tawm mahmah ua, a kai om sunte leng pai bei pah uhi. Thutut kingah dan in, office kai khen khat Christmas sung a mun dang a zin leh programmed tuamtuam neih ziak ua Christmas leh kum thak kikal office kai gina lou zel uh hi’n leng thutut kingah hi.



Ccpur to Singhat lampi bawlna Rs 10 Crores sanction

IMPHAL DEC 27: North Eastern Council nuai a Ccpur apat Singngat kikal Tedim Road bawlna Rs 10 crores Manipur govt. kianga piak dia sanction hidan in apaisa November 27, 2007 in NEC thusuak om hi. Hiai sum pen NEC Plan Schemes 2007-08 a 2nd installment hidan inleng thusuak in taklang hi.

Hiai lak a 10% loan component pen 12th Finance Commission nuai a State govt. in NEC apat Grant-in-aid a ngah apat leng hiding hi. NEC thusuak dan in, hiai fund release pen lampi bawlna item tuamtuam a zat ding chih leh, state govt. in divert bawl theilou ding chih leng ahi. Nasepna toh kisai in implementing line department leh State govt. nuai a Nodal Officer in zoh hun dia target hunsung ngei a nasep zoh ding thu leng taklang hi.



15th Annual Function show

IMPHAL DEC 27: The Meitei Traditional Dance Teaching School & Performance Centre, Imphal in, December 31, 2007 chiangin, J.N. Manipur Dance Academy Hall, Khuyathong, Imphal ah 15th Annual Function show nei ding uhi.

Hiai hun ah khuallian leh President dingin, P.Bhorot Singh Commissioner Art & Culture leh Padmashri N. Khelchandra (Pandit) te ban ah guest of honour dingin, Yambem Laba Director, J.N. Manipur Dance Academy te hiding uhi. Hiai function show thupi ding bel, ‘One family, One Nation, The World’ chih hiding hi.



Bharat Nirman Lamka ah om ding

IMPHAL DEC 27: Ministry of I & B, Govt. of India nuai a PIB Imphal saina

in, hun paisa a district tuamtuam a neih ahihbangin kumthak January 8 – 11, 2008 sung Synod Hall, Ccpur ah Bharat Nirman Public Information Campaign hun zatna om ding hi. Hiai hun ah central govt. nuai a programme tuamtuam, RTI, NRHM, NREGS, ICDS, SSA, Mid-Day-Meal, JNNURM leh Bharat Nirman packages te toh kisai in awareness leh campaign om ding hi.



Application form SP office ah leng piaklut theih

IMPHAL DEC 27: Manipur Police nuai a ASI/SI/Jemadar lakna dia application form te employment exchange tungtawn sese lou a, mahni district SP office chiat leh IGP (Adm) PHQ a leng piaklut theih ding hidan in DGP thusuak om hi.



State Level convention om ding

IMPHAL DEC 27: Manipur Legislature Forum on HIV/AIDS leh department of RD & PR kithuah in December 28, 2007 zinglam dak 9.30 in Porompat a panchayat Bhavan ah, One day State Level convention on HIV/AIDS hun zatna om ding hi. Hiai hun ah khuallian in Chief Minister O.Ibobi Singh leh President dingin, Assembly Speaker Dr.S.Budhichandra Singh te pang ding uhi.



SO mat khah din ngen

IMPHAL DEC 27: Apaisa December 15, 2007 a meltheihlouh ten Education (S) department a Engineering Cell a Section Officer, Salam Indrajit amat uh tunitan khah ahihlouhna toh kisai in, tuni’n HHAU ground ah mipi kikhopna om hi.

Hiai hun ah JAC for immediate & unconditional release of S. Indrajit kichi bawlkhiak ahihban ah, JAC in kintak a khah dia ngen kawm in, lungkim louh etsakna dia Singjamei apat Yumnam leikai tan NH 39 zingchiang Dec 28, 2007 zinglam dak 6 apat nitaklam dak 6 tan bandh bawl hidingin leng thupuan bawl uhi. Hiai mimatna toh kisai in, JAC ten tuni’n CM kiang ah leng memorandum khat pelut uhi.



NRHM nuai a result tuamtuam kipuang

IMPHAL DEC 27: National Rural Health Mission nuai a, Manipur State heath

Mission society in, post tuamtuam lakna dia interview/DPC a neih uh result puang kheta hi.

Assistance Finance Manager: IE 8, IW 7, Thoubal 6, CCpur 4, Tamenglong 2, Ukhrul 1 leh Senapati ah 6 ahi. Ccpur apat lochinna ngahte bel, John B. Thomte, H. Chingngaihkim, Pauchinthang Hangluah, P.G.Gangmeidun R. Naga; Senapati apat eimite bel, Paogoulen Misao, Lalgoulen Khongsai, T.Yangkhopao Haokip, Seikhomang Kipgen leh Seigoumang Lhouvum ahi.

Tuabanah, Block Data Manager ah, CCpur 2, Ukhrul 2 leh Senapati 1 hi a, Ccpur apat Sasang Hauzel telkha hi. Block Health Programme Manager, IE 3, IW 3, Thoubal 3, Bishnupur 3, Chandel 4, Ccpur 5, Ukhrul 5, Senapati 6 leh Tamenglong ah 4 ahi. Ccpur ah T. Lalboi, K. Lamsanglian, G. Thangthianmuang ban ah, Senapati ah, Thangjamang Chongloi chihte telkha uhi.

Amau consolidated honorarium dan in kha khat in, Rs 6000/- ban ah, contractual compensatory allowance Rs 1500/- zel ngah ding ua, a sep hun ding uh bel, kha 11 sung hiding chih ahi.



BSEM in hologram tellou laibu kham

IMPHAL DEC 27: BSEM thusuak dan in, Class I – VIII tan te text book ah Board in hologram belh vek hi. Hichibang kibelh loute student leh guardian ten leilou dingin leng BSEM in theihsakna bawl kawm in, huchibang laibu tuakkhaten BSEM a theisak dingin leng ngetna bawl uhi.

Huailou in, Board recognized louh school khenkhat in 2008-09 academic session adia Class IX leh X a admission bawl om chih thu ah, huchibang student ten HSLC exam board nuai a tel theilou ding hidan in Board thusuak om hi.



Tent Pegging Championship kipan

IMPHAL DEC 27: Manipur Equestrian association zintunna nuai ah, Manipur

a dia amasa pen dingin, tuni apat December 31, 2007 tan daih ding National Tent Pegging Championship, 2008 Pologround, Imphal ah patkhiak hita hi. Hiai hun ah khuallian in Chief Minister O. Ibobi Singh leh President in N. Biren Minister YAS te pang uhi.

Hiai Championship adingin Manipur tel in state polam apat team 8 toh team 9 kimawl ding ua, mun dang apat hongkuante bel, ITBP, Haryana, ASC, North Gava, Assam Rifle, Jorhat, UP Police, ASC Bangalore, West Bengal Police, Kolkata Police, Eastern Command te ahi.

Hiai championship honkhiakna hun a, khuallian apang CM in agenna ah, Manipur kichi gam neuchik himahleh, kimawlna lam a national leh International level a mi theihphak hita ahihna ah, kimawl mite phat huai asak dan taklang hi. Manipur govt. in sakol kimawlna lam leng puahna ding ngimna a, Lamphelpat area a gam 30 acres alian bikhiah leh hiai mun

Rs 19 lakh vel lut a puah hiding ahihdan leng gen hi.

Hiai Tent Pegging championship zoh nung, kumthak 2008 January kal masa in Manipur Equestrian Associaiton leh Manipur police zin tunna nuai ah, All India Police Equestrian Championship leng Imphal ah om nawn ding hi.



Pakistan Prime Minister lui Benazir Bhutto kaplup in om

US leh Russia tel in gam tuamtuam in mohpaihthu puang

Islamabad, Dec 27: Pakistan charismatic leader chih hial a om Prime Minister lui Benazir Bhutto tu nitaklam in election rally aneihna ah kaplup in om hi. Thusuak kingah dan in, tu nitaklam in Bhutto in Rawalpindi ah election rally nei a, huai mun ah helpawl hidia gintak te’n a gari thau in ana kap uh a, huai zoh in sihchilh bomb puahzaak sak in om a, midang 20 val in leng sihloh uhi. Thusuak in ataklatna ah, thau tang 5 kapkhiak a om te lak ah thautang khat a ngawng ah lut a, kintak in Rawalpindi General Hospital tut in om mahleh, damzoulou hi. Kum 54 a upa Benazir ahihleh, Pakistan mipi tamzaw in ngaina mahmah uh hi’n kigen hi. Rahman Malik, PPP chairperson's security advisor in agenna ah, Bhutto gari mi bangzah hiam in thau in kikap huan ua, tuazoh in sihchilh bomb khat puakzaak ahihdan gen hi.

PPP Member poimoh mahmah Wasif Ali Khan in agenna ah, nitaklam dak 6:16 geih in Bhutto hinna abeita chi’n puang a, huai toh kiton in Pakistan gamsung sousang mahmah hi. Bhutto in ahihleh, a pasal Asif Ali Zardari leh a tate nih nawsia hi. Pakistan gamsung a sousang mahmah ziak in tu nitak in President Pervez Musharraf in a mimuan deuhdeuh sam khawm in emergency meeting sam ngal hi. PPP hatna bial Karachi, Lyari leh Jecobabad ngial ah Security leh mipite ki honsual zaak uhi. Pakistan's Interior ministry in leng Bhutto sihthu puangkhe ngal a, Bhutto mi muan mahmah Sherry Rehman leh Naheed Khan te leng liam uh ahihdan puang hi.

Mipi thangpai te’n damdawi inn kim ah "Dog, Musharraf, dog," chi in kikou uh a, Damdawi inn Emergency unit glass teng khetsiat ahih banah, damdawi inn building nasan leng halsiat sawm pawl om man a, mipi sang tamtak khitui naptui toh om uhi.

Bhutto sihna toh kisai in, Russia leh US tel in gam tuamtuam in mohpaih thu puang uh a, Pakistan Opposition leader sihna a mawk mai a koih hilou ding in thupuan bawl tuaktuak uhi. Russian Foreign Ministry spokesman Mikhail Kamynin in agenna ah, Bhutto nasep khiak te khovel in thei a, mi poimoh leh manpha sihna tung ah Pakistan thuneitute a daihdide ua leh thil mak tak hiding ahi chi uhi. US Deputy State Department spokesman Tom Casey in agenna ah, Rawalpindi a Bhutto sihna US in suichian ding ahihdan puang in Pakistan mipite sunpih thu puang hi. Benazir Bhutto ahihleh, 1953 kum in piang a, Muslim gam Pakistan ading in numei Prime Minister len masapen ahi hi. Aman 1988 - 1990 leh 1993 – 1996 sung Prime Minister hihna len a, southeastern Sindh province ah piang in US a Harvard's Radcliffe College ah khanglian in, Asia apan Oxford Union a President len masapen leng hidanin kigen hi. A pianna pa Zulfikar Ali Bhutto in 1971-1977 sung Pakistan PM hihna ana len hi.



Awards leh Honorary Degree alak khakte:

Bruno Kreisky Award of Merit in human Rights, 1988.

Honorary Phi Beta Kappa Award (1989), presented by Radcliffe College.

Highest Moroccan Award "Grand Cordon de Wissam Alaoui"

Highest French Award "Grand-croix de la Legion Honneur" (1989)

The Noel Foundation Award, 1990 (UNIFEM).

The Gakushuin Honorary Award, Tokyo (1996)

Award by the Turkish Independent Industries and Businessmen Association (MUSAID) on account of providing assistance to the people of Bosnia.

Golden medal Dragon of Bosnia awarded by President of Bosnia (1996)

Key to the city of Los Angeles, presented by the Mayor of Los Angeles (1995)

Presidential Medal, Paul Nitze School of Advanced International Science (1995)

Medal by University of California at Los Angeles (1995)

Honorary Doctorate of Law, L.L.D Harvard University (1989)

Honorary Doctorate of Law (Honoris Causa), University of Sindh (1994)

Honorary Doctorate from Mendanao State University, Philippines (1995)

Honorary Doctorate of Law (Honoris Causa), Peshawar University (1995)

Honorary Doctorate of Economics, Gakushuin University, Tokyo (1996)

Honorary Fellowship by Lady Margaret Hall, University Oxford, (1989)

Honorary Fellowship by St. Catherine College, University of Oxford, (1989)

Honorary Professor of the Kyrghyz State National University (1995) Kyrghyzstan.

Honorary Professor of Yassavi Kazakh Turkish University, Kazakh-Turkish International Language University, Kazakhstan, 1995.

Honorable Member of OHYUKAI, Alumni Association of Gakushuin, conferred by OHYUKAI Tokyo (1996).

Awarded the 2000 Millennium Medal of Honor by American Biographical Institute, Inc. in November 1998.

Awarded American Academy Award of Achievement in London, October 28, 2000

www.zoham.com

Vulnerable Manipur’s Cultural Warming

By Dr DS Sharma

Particularly vulnerable Manipur was the crisp but meaningful reference, Thursday, of prime minister Dr Manmohan Singh during Chief Ministers’ Conference on Internal Security at New Delhi. But it’s certainly not the first occasion that these words have been used for the same Manipur, sort of.

A British legacy:

For, British ethnographers, Thompson & Garrat, used the same word vulnerable while referring to NE Region, and virtually lamented that, ‘except … the vulnerable northeast…’, Britain could leave ‘a permanent mark upon Indian life’. Discernably enough, till date, everything else in the former Indian colony has ‘since been forthcoming’, quoting selfsame historians’ post-modernistic or ex ante view, with the caustic exception of North East region. The prime minister too laments that so far North east has not been able to share in the benefit from our booming economy.

The question was why. Why – despite various Central efforts – couldn’t any sane man kick-start in vocations and become viable, as in mainland? Is it because Delhi has failed to convince and rev-up NE Indians? Or else, are they acting more like unwilling horses led to the trough? One thing is however certain. The polity-formation (NE Reorganization Act) came two and half decades late; and that too not unasked for and/or unagitated. Then came serial political instability and culturally complex conflicts (cultural warming) depriving the region of its fair share in growth all these years – along with all those lagged prospects from joining in the bandwagon of a miraculous Asian economic boom under the still hazy Look East Policy.

On reckoning, it is still unclear if north east has even now become congenial enough for a final polity delineation so that all such polities can render effective administration and, among others, deliver welfare stance and provide infrastructural needs for onward development of individual self (the economic man) and his appurtenance.

Perhaps the colonial vestige (Exclusion, Partial Exclusion and Non-interference) could not have been fully unshackled even during the last six decades. For that matter, even the famously sneering Britishness character couldn’t go scot-free for having embedded in the region the seed of a Christian empire, as since unfolding.

It sounds safest from the analytical standpoint to adopt the occidental standpoint (keeping the global netizen viewpoint) and presume the fundamental difference of an average north east homo sapien from his mainland counterpart in terms of a basic immaturity, where: ‘Immaturity is defined as inability to use one’s own understanding without the guidance of another. This immaturity is self-incurred if its cause is not lack of understanding but lack of resolution and courage to use it without the guidance of another’, following Immanuel Kant: An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?: Lawrence Cahoone (Ed.) From Modernism to Post-Modernism: An Anthology: Cambridge: 1996: p. 51).

Global/Cultural Warming:

Without doubt, the present humanity has since 1990s faced an increasingly serious problem (glacier melt-down, sea-level rise, global warming, irregular rainfall, unseasonal flood and drought). Concurrently Manipur has itself seen sort of a replica of the global problem by way of complex conflicts among major ethnic groups with unprecedented consequences.

If for global warming the leading superpower US – the world’s largest green house gas emitting nation – has so long blamed China and India but has now at the Bali meet somehow agreed to fall in line and solve the global problem, then for Manipur’s growing inter-ethnic lovelessness and the resultant cultural warming the same Aristotelian logic may well help at arriving at a consensual formula.

In that vein, even prime minister Dr. Manmohan Singh cited, although in general terms first, that ‘There are many regional and tribal demands which need to be addressed systematically.’ But his ‘add-on’ runs in as specific as; ‘… each state has its specific nuances and characteristics and we cannot generalize the problems.’ Yours sincerely may add that each of Manipur’s own 36 so-called recognized groups claim their own ethnicity.

A two-fold scientific treatment would thus seem apt for Manipur’s Achilles’ heel. First whether, and to what extent, these 36 existing groups are really 36 or else reducible into a common origin to South China’s Yunan, over its at least two millennia-long history? Second, whether their cultural warming (read rigidity) can now be otherwise sorted out and moral responsibility for past differential growth benefits somehow amicably agreed upon to the satisfaction of one and all, and also a trade-off between harm and benefits be settled?

In particular this magic wand can be used to solve cultural warming problem in Manipur. Initially one can address a few queries squarely to the satisfaction of each ethnic group. Who is responsible for Manipur’s inter-ethnic or cultural warming (growing lovelessness)? Or since when is it consensually deemed valid and hence accountable to which extent? And so on?

Bali summit on global warming:

So long global warming couldn’t have been thrashed out for want of a consensual (carbon-emission responsibility) sharing-in formula. Rather, USA and Canada – two most developed and industrialized countries responsible for emitting huge carbon dioxide CO2 in the earth’s atmosphere – were dissenting since the 1st Conference of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change held at Rio in 1992.

Their main plea then was that two developing countries with increasingly CO2 emitting industries viz. China and India be also fixed a higher carbon emission share, and did not therefore sign the on-going Kyoto Protocol. Now at Bali of course, all summiting nations have reached a landmark consensus by morally persuading even economic superpower US and of course exclusivist Australia to agree on a new (post Kyoto-Protocol) global sharing roadmap to 2050.

Due credit for the convergence goes to the Aristotelian logic, as since adapted by Benito Muller and his team towards apportioning moral responsibility for climate change among nations. Coincidentally, India is now adjudged at the very bottom of all other nations while fixing moral responsibility for global warming. The application of the Aristotelian precept to fostering a solution to climate change is no doubt superbly innovating, but can also be extended to solution of yet other problems such as population rise, rural-urban disparity, health care, microcredit administration and whatever.

If at the international level, developed countries need to share greater economic burden, in the same way at home it is the rich and the middle class who have to take energy cuts. In fact, India can be hit hard by climate change as it is densely populated and is affected by energy scarcity, depleting resources and biodiversity. Whereby India need rely more on CFL, public transport, eco-friendly technology and stop mindless consumerism and conserve water and power.

Aristotelian Innovation on climate change:

What merits special mention is of course the analytical framework or the Aristotelian theory underlying the consensual sharing-in of the moral responsibility for climate change or global warming.

For Aristotle recognized that (i) blame and praise for actions with either harmful or beneficial consequences are deserved by only those who are in control of their actions and are aware of the immediate and delayed consequences their actions might have.

Global warming problem is addressed by Muller & colleagues by distinguishing between contributions to climate change from the responsibility thereto.

Tracing to the very ancient (1628 BC) eruption of the Santorini volcano in the Aegian Sea – then causing global cooling by 1.5 degrees for a full hundred years since and literally freezing the Minoan civilization of the bronze period, they argued that in particular that suffering was because of natural calamities (a la modern tsunami). Further, the question of awareness also does not arise as the cause was natural and not caused by human action. Obviously, for present day CO2-pollution problem the moral responsibility can not be so easily detached from its impact and deservingly shared-in among nations.

In the realm of retrospection, the Aristotelian logic next proceeds to enunciate that (ii) delayed consequences involve intervening time and need therefore be discounted as per responsibility attached thereto. This was precisely the crux of the global warming issue hitherto. To sort out tough myopia and its resultant confusion among negotiating nations, the Muller team innovates two basic concepts: (a) basic allowance of harmless emissions and (b) subsistence allowance. So analysed they could facilitate smart negotiations for wider acceptance. One understands what the other seeks to convey in crystal clear terms. Thus they could arrive at the least carbon.

Finally the Aristotle theorem states that (iii) the consequences might not be universally harmful or beneficial. A parallel example – far more commonly experienced – is that of an irregular or a pre-monsoon (March) rainfall, which may immensely benefit jhumias but bring calamity to rabi (winter crop) farmers in the valley. Farmers have only their luck to either praise or blame. If for instance, the Trans-Asian Railway (TAR) or the Asian Highway (AH) need pass in the periphery of (and benefit) a settlement, rather than another, it’s all a matter of sheer technological question and viability.

Manipur’s cultural heritage:

To introduce the time factor in the analysis from an empirical angle, one may begin by asking questions relating to the past. Different questions may crop up requiring answers each giving rise to different sets of history. By no means one set could be deemed better than the other, for all such sets are based on similar fundamentals, methods and pri-nciples. Attempting acade-mic answers would follow the natural process of evolving a body of knowledge – such knowledge that has to serve some purpose.

For Manipur’s woes during the colonial (1891-1947) and pre-Statehood (1947-1972) period, the blame can thus be levelled only upon those responsible for those actions – colonial power earlier and afterwards Centre. British exploitation of Manipur valley’s natural bounties or fertility for cheap but quality rice export led to differentiating growth between the hills and valley. If worldly-wise Britishers drained water even out of the (Ganges so also) Im-phal river to the Thames, and if thereafter the Central government were too preoccupied with post-Partition reparation and thence with mainland politics to become aware of Manipur’s yawing hill-valley gap, who will bell the cat?

Of course after 1972 a long chain of Manipur’s own government leaders hailing both from majority and minority groups stand morally responsible for all actions. But then the disabling factor was political instability @ 2/3 years for an average regime (or chief minister) all through with few exceptions (Ri-shang Keishing and O Ibo-bi Singh). Under the circumstances on whom could its moral responsibility be fixed?

Admittedly, China has now become the fastest-growing economy in the globe with an average growth rate between three-four times that of even the US or Japan.

The fact that its population growth has already been controlled over the last two/three decades prior to this spectacular growth has become too commonplace a knowledge. The wherewithal of the miracle on the development front deserves more than a passing reference in this endeavour. What is striking about Li was the way he provided a liberal broadside to the otherwise hierarchical regime – acceptable to the hard-boiled theoreticians of the Communist order. What is still more striking was how he became determined to toughen the grit, steely determination and the esprit de corps of the world’s most populated nation so as to convert even a half-chance into goal, by tactically playing up disadvantage into a vantage point, as say, in a game of football. The point stressed is that, the success story did not come as easy as for anybody just to pick as in the random walk theory, but rather more like a climber up against a gradient having < 90o degree through meticulous planning and assiduous cliff-hanging.

To provide an important historical dimension for his concept, Li analyzes the historical process of the Chinese quest for modernity, which he claims underwent three important interrelated stages between the middle of the nineteenth century and the May Fourth era. The first stage, the Westernization concentrated only on modern western technology and science. The second, the Hundred Days Reform and 1911 Revolution (Wuxu bianfa and Xinhai geming) focused on western political institutions; and the third, the May Fourth Movement, was concerned mainly with cultural tradition, intellectual thought and value systems. But the new quest for modernity in the 1980’s fused all the three previous stages into an integrated process, meaning that Chinese intellectuals were now seeking changes in all three areas.

However Li observes that there is an imbalance, with a strong emphasis on the culturo-psychological aspect and relatively slow progress in the area of politico-economic reform. He warns that more advanced conceptual ideas could cause social tensions and a social reality marked by backwardness. According to Li Zehou, the most crucial dichotomies in the existing Chinese social order are: a) Individual subjectivity versus historical necessity (getixing yu lishi biranxing); b)Human alienation versus progress of modernization (yihusa yu ziandaihuade er li bei fan); and c) Practical subject versus objective laws (shijian zhuti yu keguan guilu).

Rather than go into details of Li’s contemporary Chinese intellectual discourse which helped transform the national economy through reoriented individual character-building, it is sufficient for the present endeavour to quote some highlights, to show the compatibility of his approach, philosophy, precepts, and ideology: a) If people are completely immersed in a universal form, they will become neutral robots…… Accordingly, there will be the rule of bureaucracy; b) Enlightenment is man’s emergence from his self-incurred immaturity. Immaturity is the inability to use one’s own understanding without the guidance of another. c) The motto of Enlightenment is therefore ‘Sapere aude.’[Have courage to use your understanding] Li’s contribution is to be appreciated in the enormity of his task to bring about a consensus in the party as a key component of the party’s legitimacy, after the excesses of not merely the Cultural Revolution but also of the reforms.

Need for deconstructing/reconstructing:

As in the occident, the orientalists have belatedly started phase-wise, area-wise and subarea-wise promotional and objectivity-focused micro-studies based on primary and secondary sources which sound quite erudite. Like applied scientists, such applied historians would concentrate on specific but hitherto difficult topics. At a later stage the desired integration and synthesis would become possible. Inherent in such viewpoint-shifting is the necessary refocusing of analysis in tune to the time-angularity. In the process some reconstructionist approach need be cited which lays stress on why the neutral record (logic) should suddenly declare to become interventionist (rhetoric). Besides, analytical tools get outdated as time-dimension is shifted backward or forward. Whatever problems found relevant today and analyzed with such tools as enunciated and sharpened and hence found compatible in the present time may become irrelevant tomorrow when problems may assume a new metamorphosis. Pretty well-known is the fact that empire-building analysis used to be relevant in colonial history, although in postcolonial period concepts like ‘empire’ have become obsolete and may not find even a place in the futurologist’s tool.

Specific mention may herein be made of yet other analytical tools similarly found obsolete in Western history, like ‘tribal’ or ‘village’ as in a sharp rural-urban framework. In other parts of the world where the urban-rural continuum intermingles, these two concepts do not merely find relevance but therein, even if traced out in extreme environs and sparsely inhabited islands, they would certainly survive with heavy subsidy and State support as living museums hardly posing much of a problem. But in south Asia, southeast Asia or elsewhere the rural continuum is still characterized by feudalism, swidden cultivation etc. but studded by limited islands of urban complexity.

Continuum of tribe-village-complex society:

Much to the chagrin of planners and policy-makers during the last half-century or so, these tribal villages have proved to be the real stumbling block. Hopefully the tribe, if not village, may soon die out after another fifty years or so, if at all the tribal villages would adopt improved technology for greater productivity when they would enjoy average, if not higher standard of life as urbanites. Like ‘empire’ and ‘colony’ becoming obsolete in western world, ‘tribe’, ‘feudalism’ among others, will then become obsolete from this part of the globe too. Already, dispersed tribes have come into being and one would hope to see much more of this emerging category. It goes without saying that use of tribe as an analytical tool will be relevant only in modernity analysis of history in the south Asian or southeast Asian context.

Prima facie, some general traits of Manipur may be laid out. First, it may be stated that past history has typified natives and indigenes to be generally harsh and revengeful upon enemies (whether relatives; or kings of Burma and Cachar; or even the powerful Englishman J.W.Quinton, the Chief Commissioner of Assam, at the peak of the British ascendancy i.e. when the Sun would not set in the British empire), rather than forgiving as generally seen in both occident and the orient. This can be explained away in terms of the constraints and limitations placed on Manipur history by Manipur’s geography (topography) and climate (monsoon and deep jungles).

For instance, any territorial expansionist move under a powerful king through either
marriage, diplomacy or war had perforce to be across the ranges of mountains either eastward or westward. Hardihood and tough attitude thus became the mainstay of Meitei nationalism, at least till 1891. In the lower order of constraints are of course, ethnic propinquity to southeast Asia and linguistic belongingness to Tibeto-Burman group, which of late seem to create problem for integration of Manipur into the national mainstream, particularly after the Partition of India (1947).

[The Sangai Express]