RELIGION OF ZO ANCESTORS

GOD:

Inorder to understand the background of conversions among the Zous we have to understand the old religious faith of the Zous prior to 1950s.Many antropologists and monographers have been classifying the religious beliefs of the Zo as Animism or at the most to Ancestor Worship.

But I would prefer to classify it basically as Polytheism.Their religion may be called Lawki religion or if I may coin a new term for their ancient religion Lawkism ;in anglicised form to better understand the import or meaning. In those days the Zous were ardent worshippers of one omnipotent, almighty God called Pasien;as well as their great ancestor known as Pusha/Pusa and the underworld spirit called Zînmâng.There was a concept of one great creator who created the heavens and earth;and all the things in them. This great spirit is called Pasien; which in literal sense means God. Below this great God there exist a less powerful spirit known as Lungzai who may be considered to be the assistant or brother of Pasien.It is slightly lesser than God in power and might.

To corroborate the relationship of these two great spirits let me narrate one scene of the Nântal-Neinou mythology. In the Nântal -Neinou mythology; in one of the scenes as the sun was about to set they arrived at the base of a mount or hillock to rest for the night. The Lion(Hûmpi)who was on the trail of Nântal was resting as well as lying in wait for his prey on one side of hillock;while, on the opposite side of it Nântal and Neinou were resting after a long and weary journey.It is mentioned that at that moment Pasien and Lungzai saw the condition of these two living beings. It is said that both of them had a discussion as to whom to support and save.God asked Lungzai, “Brother whom do you think should we support and save Man or Lion?.To this Lungzai replied, “Behold,whenever the Lion kills an animal it never gives thanks to us before having the meat ; whereas, whenever Man is about to eat food or meat he always says “May my God be pleased; may my Lungzai be pleased”(Ka Pasien na tai aw; ka Lungzai na tai aw).Therefore,it is befitting that we support and save Man”. The Lion had a magical power to transform itself into any animal and so it transformed itself into a bee.And it started to hover above their heads to prey upon Nântal..Pasien and Lungzai instructed Nântal to unsheath his sword and slash the bee which was hovering above their heads. Obeying the the instructions of Pasien ang Lungzai; legendary hero Nântal immediately cut the bee into two halves killing the Lion instantaneously there and then.The same terminology 'Pasien' is now used to refer God in this Christian era.

SPIRITS:

Then, comes an underworld/netherworld spirit beleived to inhabit very dark under world kingdom They called it; Zîn or Zînmâng. This underworld spirit is responsible for various types of illness, diseases, sickness, pestilence, plague, etc. It is believed to be the harbinger of sorrow and death. For, one can find in various Zou poems mentioning the fear of this particular spirit. For example, “Zîn daw-âi in bang nang bawl ahiam maw? meaning "Demon what have you done to me". Daw-âi (Charms) may be defined as a harmful potion or poisonous concoction which brings illness and disease upon human beings by this underworld spirit.This spirit is basically a wicked spirit.One may define it as the Demon or Evil-one.It is beleived to rule the Dark Underworld Kingdom. Therefore, for the fear of this spirit it has to be appeased through incantations and offerings of animals and birds.

ANCESTOR WORSHIP:

Every clan or house had their own Pusa which is placated and appeased during the varied festivals of Boasting, Harvest, Felicitation etc. In every house, the Central Column or Pillar is used as an altar to offer food and drinks to the ancestor spirits. This Central Pillar is called Sûtpi or Sûtzung. When such worships or offerings are made the act of worship or offering is called Sûtzung Biehna. In the Sûtzung Biehna the progenitor or ancestor spirit is implored upon or invoked to abundantly shower great blessings on the house or clan in the ensuing year for the purpose of health, harvest, and wealth. The names of their forefathers were recited on these ocassions.

ABODE OF DEADS:

Then, comes the concept of soul called ‘Ha or kha’ which exist even after the death of a person. Sometimes some wicked person's soul lingers on, on the earth haunting the loved ones or subjecting to terror. This wicked soul is called Siha or Thadam. This good soul after death prior to entering heavens is believed to proceed to the land of the death known as Mishikhuo.

CONCEPT OF HEAVEN AND FEMALE DRAGON:

Before entering the different levels of heavens, there used to be Gulsamnu; the fiery female Dragon; the gatekeeper of heavens. She used to guard the gateway to the heavens with her fiery tongues and swords. She was believed to taunt or teased persons who had not killed even a single animal during their lifetime;treating them shamefully, subjecting them to torture and misery. Where as , she easily lets in those persons who had killed many animals in their lifetime on earth. Then, the soul has to cross over a great river before reaching Piêugâl;literal meaning is the otherside of the river bank. From Piêugâl the soul proceeds to the different heavens according to merit and wealth accumulated during his or her in life.

Concept of Heaven(Vângam):

Heaven as considered to be a very beautiful and joyous place where the good people go after their death.Here, there is no Evil one i.e Zînmâng to trouble him.There is no concept of Hell among them.They imagined that there were three layers of heavens called Vân viz;i)Thangvânii)Lêngvân iii)Vâivâniv)Mîmvân.

i)Thangvân:This is the highest layer of heaven and also the most blissful place.It is the Paradise.Here,the spirits of the good people take their final rests.The land of the dead i.e abode of the dead called Mishikhuo also known as Pieugâl gam.

ii)Lêngvân:This middle layer of heaven is not as blissful as Thangvân.Here,the spirit of slain person who was killed by sword of enemy or the uncleaned or evil spirits of dead people are placed for further cleansing process.The spirit of the slain person lingers on here for as long as vengeance against the killer is not avenged.The moment the revenge is settled the spirit of the slain person proceeds to Mishikhuo. Lêngvân is also called Sâshikhuo and it is akin to Limbo or Purgatory.The third name of this layer of heaven is Vâivân. The soul of evil-spirit possessed person(kâunei) remains here forever floating in this layer of heaven.

iii)Mîmvân:This is the lowest layer of heaven where the spirits of dead animals and birds are believed to take their rests.It is thought to be the resting-place of animals and birds, fleas,rats etc,.All the animals and birds are considered to possess some sort of souls which take their final resting place in the lost layer of heaven called Mîmvân.

The Zous believe in many types of good and evil spirits which are thought to inhabit theforests,rivers,streams,hills, hillocks,caves,ravines,mountain tops etc.

In the benevolent categories one comes across the name of Lungzai which is considered to be the assistant or brother of God; Pasien.Zinmang the underwold spirit is both malevolent and benevolent dpending upon the way it is treated or propitiated.

Then, comes the ancestral spirits who come to the rescue of men when invoked upon the clan Siempu(priest).

In the malevolent categories there are viz;dawi(devil,evilspirit)dawimângpa(satan),kâu:(witch,uncleaned spirit): i)innkâu ii)gamkâu thadam(ghost,spirit),shiha(spirit of dead),tuichingte or hangnêlte(deep waterspirits),misâu(yowie, giant),pheisam(hopgobblin,elf),khosie(imp,fairy),gamhuoisie(forest ogre),Luidungdawi(Stream/Spring spirits),Tuinêhdawi(Water spirit),Mittom:evil-eyed- stick liked short snake,Thangtom:twelve coloured short snake,Bângtung dawi(spirit of upper wall),Bângnei dawi(spirit of nether wall),Thapuong dawi,Annkuong dawi, Chiadawi(Spring spirits),Gundawi(river spirits), Gulpivomdawi (black serpent),Nituidawi(egg of Sun gods),Gampidawi(country spirit),Gamhuoisie(forest ogre),Gûlsamnu:Gûlsamnu is a great female dragon or spirit which guards the Gate of Heaven(Pieugâl gam);celestial gate,Gûlpi(The Great Snake),Aw/O is a cosmic or celestial evil spirit thought to make its abode in the heavens, Khang: Khang is an evil spirit which torments a person while at sleep.

The Central Pillar/Column (Sutpi)of the household where the ancestral spirits are propitiated ;as well as ii) the rivers,streams,caves,ravines,precipices,dark areas of forests,damp places,hill or hillocks,old trees,deep and dark rivers,underground caves,netherworld etc,are the abodes of various malevolent and benevolent spirits which are thought to control the worldly affairs of men.

The Siempu(priest) locates first the sacred area thereafter, he selects a specific spot where he would perform the varitiies of rituals and sacrifices.The spot may be the bank of a river or stream.It may be a hillock or a raised ground.Once, the spot is chosen he prepares a raised altar using stones collected from the river or stream.A temporary thatched hut is constructed above the altar and in this the animal is sacrificed.The priest recites incantations after this he takes hold of a sharpen rod then he hold down the sacrificial animal piercing through its heart.

Mishikhuo:

Mishikhuo is literally the land of the Dead or ther abode of dead people. The souls are said to take their temporary rests before finally journeying to Pieugâl gam(heaven). This place is neither heaven nor earthly place; it is thought to be somewhere between heaven and earth i.e in the firmaments. In Khupching leh Ngambawm legend it is told that both of them met each other in the land of the dead: Mishikhuo. The inhabitants of ‘mishikhuo’ are spirits or souls of the dead people; they are thought to change themselves into human beings during the day and they turn into skeletons during the night. For them bamboo leaves are fish,the caterpillars are wild animals.It is something akin to limbo or purgatory. From Mishikhuo the soul
enters paradise called Pieugâl gam otherwise known as Vângam i.e Heaven.

There is the Clan Priest known as Tulpipa. Tulpipa is the head of the clan or family who performs all the rituals and sacrifices connected with the family worships and feasts for propitiuation and appeasement of the various spirits and ancestor spirit.

By Philip Thanglienmang

Source:

Oral traditions handed down by my Uncles and Aunties..
Bibliographies:-
1. Upto date History of Zo people by Rev.P.KhamDoNang B.D,M.A
2. Tribals of India by L.P. Vidyarthi.

KI PUMKHAT NADING ( OR ) MINAM LIANKHAT I SUAHNOPLEH

Pasian in Adam kiang ah " hih singgah na ne kei in tualo adangte nane theiding hi " ci hi. Adam in anekding ciang in " Pa Pasian aw ne-ning ci-in " genkik, dongkik tuanlo hi. Anek khitciang in Pasian in samsiat na pia in " na luzangpan nakhetul ciang khua-ul akaidong in na, nasem ding hi " ci hi. Hih thu ngaihsun pakleng, Pasian in asia, apha khentel theihna ding in khuak hong guankhin hi.

Guh leh tang pai-let a, hongmu Pasian in ideih, iki sap teng theihkhin hi. A hihhang in semmasak ding, thalawh masak ding adeih nahi citciat sese hi. Ei mite in Pasian pen tangzang khaipianpian kasa mai hi. Sem masa, bawlmasa lo in angetlam pangpen ihat mahmah aa, ahihhang asemnuam, abawlnuam om lo hi. Piaktha nophuai lo khading hi. Ngen masa tuakhit teh sem, bawl lungdam ko kikding cihhi zaw aa, angen lam bekbek ah tuktu keei in, asem lampang ah pangkei le-hang, kua in banghong guan, hongpia nuamding ahi hiam? ..

Pasian thu-umlo lah ki omnawn sam lo a, lah kipumkhat theituan lo cile-hang ei mah akisam zaw hikha ding in ka um hi. Ei leitung mihing te khuak tawh isep thei, ibawl theih natampi te lakpan in ah, ibawlthei, iseptheih ding in " IT " na cih, khat na om citciat hi.

Tangval khat leh nungak khat hongki meltheih napan in, hong kithuahthuah uh a, akum, akha sawt in akhawlkhawm, aom khawm napan un itna, ngaihna a hongpiang khia ahi hi. A maute ki-it kingaih nate hongkhang tektek, hong lian semsem aa, hongtha khauh mahmah ciang in khat leh khat ki si pihngam, nopna, dahna, haksat na namkim phukhawm ding in khat leh khat anuntakna uh, apumpi alungsim khempeuh uh hongki piakkhiat ngam uh ciang in nupa cih innkuan khat ahongpiang khia ahi hi.

Innkuan khat hongpiangkhait nading in nungak khat leh tangval khat tungnun kituh napan a, hongpai khia ahi hi. A maute tungnun kituh na in tua inzozaw, cihhi tuanlo in alel omlo anih un agualzo, akhatna ngahtuak ahi uh hi. Banghang hiamcihleh amau tungnun kituh pen " IT " na, na hi citciat se hi. It na kidem na ah anih un akhatna tuak honglak uhciang in innkuan ( or ) ki pumkhat na hongpiang khia hi aa, nupa cih innkuan nuamkhat hongsauk hi.

Innkuan sungpan a hongpai khia hamphat na in thuakzawhna, ki sangsiam na, ki-it , k ..... cihbang in tampitak om hi. Gending cileng kigenkhin zolo mai ding hi. A manphat na, hamphatna tampi tak om hi.

Hih nupa khatsung pan hongpiang khia ata te, agi nalo pen, asia penpen, a gilo penpen ahi phialzong in anu, apa tungpan a, ahongluang khia itna, ngaih na te neilo in omlo ding hi. Tua itna, ngaihna te luangkhialo hileh leitung ah mi tawm mahmah khading hi.

A ki-it akingai kimlai khenbawllo zaw in, aki-it akingai nailo khat zong agawmtuah dinglam, ahanthon ding lam ah mapang ciat ni. Guta, zuau phuak, migilo, mi khenkhen khat hongki khel leh zomi sung ah mi ginalo khat kiam in mi hoihkhat khang honghi ding hi.

Zomi te ading in i entehding, ikhasiat ding Cing Khup leh Ngam Bawng tangthu om hi. Nu te thukim sa, nute mah in a hingin khen in, asi khit uhciang na ngawn in khen lailai, zingsol leh nitaksol zong khenthei uh hileh khen lailai kha ngelding uh hi. Nak khasiat huaihuai mahmah hi. A ki khenzo nawnlo Zingsol leh Nitaksol te in tuni dong in " IT " na lam honglak lailai uh hi. It na akhauhdan, alian dan .......

I vekpi phial in lokho, singpua tawh aki-vak, lokho, singpua dinmun ah aom vive hi hang a, i lo ah khaici manpha, khaici hoih ituh, ivawhleh anteh mehgah tampi hongpiang in an ki hau aa, nuamki saciat hi. Khaici lah hoihlo, lolai an lak ah-lah kiakpha, kiaksah in lokho zolo, an phungvuh zolo keeile hang i lo pan in ilakding an kihau lo ding aa, i lungkham tawntung ding hi. Bangmah cinglo pi in bangmah pianglo hi. Na sem silbawl ahahkat te in nektheih tuam tuam hau in neklim tawntung uh hi.

Hongpai ding hunte ah abeisa hunsang in maazangnuam, lamzang nuam khutkhat tawi khekhat khai in na asemkhawm nuamte ihi a, ahi zong in ki pukhat lopi in bangmah kisem khawmthei lo hi.

A beisa hunte abeisa hi aa, kipuahpha thei nawnlo ban ah khangto na dingzong om nawnlo hi. Hongpai ding thu leh la te in imai ah hongngak gige den hi. Thu hoih thupha khempeuh zingsang sim in, ni in hongpusauh pihden aa, tuateng khempeuh i innkuan, i zomi ading ahi hi.

Lunggulh na te semkhiat kipat na in ikhangto nading in among apanpan i hi hi. Gamthu ( Polictic ) leh adang siamna tuamtuam te in hongpumkhatsak theilo ding hi. Ki pumkhat ( unity ) nadingpen pilna zong himasa tuanlo a, lunggulh na ( not by wisdom but by feeling. ) himasa zaw hi.

Zomi te khat leh khat aki-it, aki ngai tam mahamh henla, ki tengzau zihzaih leh nak nopci mahmah ding hi. Ki tengzau napan in hongluang khia ding thuhoih, thumanpha tampi tak om aa, tua thuhoih thumanpha tampi te lakpan i lunggulh mahmah ahi, ki pumkhat na ( or ) Minam lian khat, Pau nam khat hongpiang khia ding hi. I lai zong luangkhat in hongluang ding hi.

Zomi te ki pumkhat keei lua, hilua, aki pumkhat sak theiding in nang na om hi. It na tungnun kituh Zomi agualzo te hita hen !

Thaw Thawn
( Tawm vei )
Malaysia.

Lamka Post | September 21, 2007

Photo I-Card ah Complaint tam

Lamka Sep 20: Election Commission thusuak dungzui a vote nei theite’n Photo Identity Card neih chiat ding toh kisai in tu lai in CCpur district sung ah neih hilel a, himahleh veng tamtak ah hiai thu thei khalou mipitamtak omlai uh hi’n press ah thutut kingah hi.

A kisaipih department in publicity in mite theih dia publicity bawl zoulou hi’n leng complaint tamtak press ah kingah hi.

K. Suanthang in Award ngah

Lamka Sep 20: K Suanthang, Branch Manager, State Bank of India, Lunglei Branch in tukum sung in nasep hoih ziakin pahtakna nihvei dongta hi. May 2007 in North East Circle a Scale- III Branch Manager-te lak a Best Performer hihna la in pahtakna lai sang a, March- June 2007 sung in Triple D Campaign ah 'Double Gold' ngah in Rs 10,000/- sang in All India a State Bank Branch 1047 tel khiak lak ah 41na in pang hi. Hiai ziakin a sepna Branch a staff member-ten leng Rs 2000/- chiat ngah uhi.

DHL Company ah semding

Lamka, Sept 20: Mr T Ginvanglian S/o Rev T Lalzagin,DS Singngat Division, EBC in campus recruitment tungtawn in DHL Company Bangalore, ah Sept 1st in sepna ding placement mu hi. Mr Vanglian ahihleh, National Institute of Tecnology (NIT) Surathkal a Bachelor of Technology (BTech) Final Year sinlel hi’n kigen a, lehkha sim kuhkal leh siamthei mahmah hi’n kigen hi.


SDPO/CCpur office kaipan

Lamka Sep 20: Lamka a Sub Divisional Police Officer (SDPO)/CCpur hihna len ding a hongpai Mr. K. Kabib, IPS in zan in joining report pia in tuni apan in office kai ngal hi. Mr. K. Kabib bel Tamil Nadu a Virudhunagar District apan hi a IPS 2005 Batch ahi. Amah December 2006 in Manipur hongtung in Imphal West & East te ah DPT nei hi.(pictute)


ZMA maikaih in thumna

Lamka Sep 20: Zomi Mothers Association Headquarter makaih in hongtung ding September 22, 2007 zing dak 7:00 apan sun dak 12:00 tan New Lamka YPA Hall ah Gam leh Nam a dia lemna leh muanna omtheihna ding in annngal thuumna neih sawm uhi. Hiai hun ah Zomi numei teng paikhawm a thuumkhawmna a telchiat ding in ZMA Hq in ngen hi.


Division Mission khawmpi

Lamka Sep 20: EBC Lamka South Division in hongtung ding September 21-23, 2007 sung EBCC Hebron, New Lamka ah ‘Gal khatlam i kai ding uh’ (Marka 4:35) chih thupi a zang in Division Mission Khawmpi Khatveina nei ding uhi. Hiai Mission Khawmpi ah Rev. Dr. Luaichinthang, Dir. of Ministries, EBC leh Rev.M.Gousuan, DS/LSD te’n thugenna neiding ua, Rev.Dr. S. Langzakham, Principal GBC in Seminar nei ding hi.


New Lamka (J) PS ading EPIC

Lamka Sep 20: 58/24-New Lamka (J) Polling Station huamsung (College Veng & Elim Veng) a Voter te ading in hongtung ding September 21&22, 2007 in zinglam dak 8:00 apat in Jamsuan Road a Kaithang Tawmbing inn ah Electoral Photo Identity Card ading lemlakna neih hiding hi.


Polling station 49 ah re-poll om ding

IMPHAL SEPT 20: Manipur phaijang district li sunga zan Zilla Parisad, Pradhan leh member ding ki-teelna om ah, mun tuamtuam a booth capturing, ballot box laksak a tui a khia, ballot paper halsia, mipi buaina leh paidan diklou chihte jiak a vote khiak zohlouhna mun, polling station 49 ah September 21, 2007 zinglam dak 8 apat nitaklam dak 4 sungin re-poll om ding hi’n tuni’n State Election Commission thuh bawl hi.

Re-poll neihna mun dingte lak ah, Imphal East district sung ah mun 25, Imphal West ah 9, Thoubal ah 13 leh Bishnupur district sung ah mun 2 hiding a, a tamna pen Imphal East district sunga mun 25 te lak ah, Sawombung Sub-division ah 1, Porompat sub-division ah 7 leh Keirao Bitra sub-division sung ah mun 17 ahi. Imphal West district sunga,

Lamshang sub-division ah 5, Patsoi sub-division ah 3 leh Wangoi sub-division ah 1 ahi. Thoubal district sunga mun 13 te lak ah, Lilong sub-division ah 3, Thoubal sub-division ah 5, Kakching su-division ah 5 ahi. Bishnupur district sunga mun nih te bel, Nambol sub-division leh Moirang sub-division sunga mun khat tuak ding ahi.

Hiai panchayat election toh kisai a vote simna bel, September 23, 2007 in om ding hi. Tutung Panchayat election ah buaina mun tamtak a chiamteh theih ahihban ah, candidate tamtakten leng sum hunkhop chiat seng pha ding ua gintak ahi.


BJP President Delhi ah

IMPHAL SEPT 20: BJP National Executive meeting, September 21 - 23, 2007 sung Bhopal, Madya Pradesh mun a om dinga vakihel dingin, BJP Manipur State Pradesh a President Dr. H. Borobabu in tuni'n Imphal nusia hi.

BJP thusuak dan in, aman hiai national executive meeting ah, Manipur a 2001 census report pansan a, Manipur a assembly segment bawlthakna dia Delimitation toh kisai meeting ah posuah dinga, tuaban ah hiai toh kisai mah a Manipur Outer MP Manicharanamei leh singtangmi MLA 6 ten Central a memorandum apiak tungtang uleng posuah ding chih ahi. President in Manipur a dan leh thupiak dinmun leng BJP meeting ah taklang ding hidan in kigen hi.


Building thak honkhiakna om ding

IMPHAL SEPT 20: Manipur govt. in Langol Hills, Luwangsangbam mun a Forest Training school building thak abawl, honkhiakna September 21, 2007 nitaklam dak 3 in, Forest & Envt. Minister Th.Debendra Singh in nei ding a, hiai hun ah President in, Addl.Chief Secy. Forest & Envt. Saichhuana pang ding hi.

Huailou in, Imphal Municipal Council thusuak dan in, Ayangpalli lampi, Kongba-Singjamei lampi leh Yairipok lampi chihte lam nawl tuak kekletna ding toh kisai in, preliminary survey tuni apat LEA Associates Pvt. Ltd. te neipanta uhi.

Amah leh amah kikaplum

IMPHAL SEPT 20: Police apat thu khonung kizadan in, apaisa September 18, 2007 zinglam dak 6.40 vel dingin, Hengbung post a om 22 Assam Rifle a Rifleman Sandeer Kumar of Chakroi, R.S. Pura district, Jammu amau guard room sung ah amah leh amah kikaplum hi. Thudang khat ah, zan nitak dak 10.30 vel dingin, Kyamgei Muslim leikai a om Md.Kitab Ali (18) s/o Mamtaz kichi a mau tenna inn gei ah, meltheihlouhten kaplum ua, a luang tuni a RIMS morgue a post mortem bawl zoh in, a sungkuante’n la uhi.

Aganwandi workers leh helper te lungkim lou ICDS Directorate tuam khat nuai a om kin deih

IMPHAL SEPT 20: Tukum bul February 25 leh March 3 a, Social welfare department in, Aganwadi workers apat Supervisor promotion na ding leh, fresh a Supervisor leh post tuamtuam lakna dia written test a neih result puan omlou a, tutung September 16, 2007 a written exam, BSEM saina nuai a neih thak ahihna toh kisai in All Manipur Aganwadi Workers and Helpers Union, Manipur ten lungkimhuai a saklouh dan uh tuni nitaklam dak 2.30 in Irawat bhavan ah thuthak saimite kiang ah gen uhi.

Union a Secretary N.Bino Devi in agendan in, Social welfare department sung, 1st October 2004 apat division nih in kikhen a, tuate Social Welfare division leh Women and Child Development (WCD) division ahihdan gen hi. Hiai dungzui in WCD nuai ah ICDS om a, tua ading a post tuamtuam lak dek ahihdan leng gen hi.

Hichibang kal ah, Social Welfare nuai a division nih omte Govt. order June 5, 2007 in cancelled a, tua toh kiton in Feb 25 leh March 3, 2007 a recruitment exam om leng phiat ahihdan thusuah bawl hi. Hiai tungtang ah, Union in Gauhati high court, Imphal bench a govt. order challeged leng bawl uh hidan in N.Bino in gen hi.

Huailou in, Union in, June 13, 2007 in Manipur Chief Minister kiang ah June 5, 2007 a govt. order enkai thak dingin memorandum pia ua, tua zoh June 22, 2007 in leng reminder leh Union Social Minister kiang ah laipe nawn uhi. July 10, 2007India nuai apat ahihdan leng theisak hi. in Central govt. nuai a Joint Secy. Ministry of Women and Child Dev. Mr. Chaman Kumar in Manipur govt. nuai a Secretary Social Welfare kiang ah laipia a, tua ah, Social welfare department nuai a division nih omte hihhing hinawn ahihziakin, ICDS a sen leh pante Grant in aid Govt. of

Hichibang kal ah, Manipur govt. order 5/6/2007 leng Govt. of India instructions dated 25/10/2006 toh kikalh hidan in taklang a, tuate ban ah, ministry thupiak dungzui a, Manipur a leng ICDS scheme toh kisai a cadre tuam bawl dingin leng theisak chih ahi.

Union in, Gauhati High Court, Imphal bench ah, a writ petition a khiak dungzui un, GHC in leng 19/7/2007 in Manipur govt. order 5/6/2007 stayed sak a, hiai ban ah, September 16, 2007 in Social welfare department in BSEM tungtawn in recruitment thak sai mahleh, GHC a theihsakna ah, recruitment pending process hihfel ahihma result puan hitheilou dingin thusuah bawl chih ahi.

Bangteng hileh, tutung a Supervisor lakna ding toh kisai in bel, Supreme Court thupiak dungzui a recruitment process teng September 30, 2007 tan a zoh vek ding chih hi a, pawl tuamtuam in case leh hihtheih teng hihmah leh Manipur govt. in bel, Supreme court thupiak dungzui a nasem dia gintak ahihdan gen hi.

Tuni a Press meet a All India Trade Union Congress Manipur a President, Dr. M. Nara Ex-Minister in agenna ah, bangteng hileh, govt. in transparency neilou ahihdan thil paidan apat muhtheih om ahihdan gen in, govt. in akinlam a hiai thubuai saifel ding leh, Supreme court thupiak dungzui a sepsuah louh ziaka, manna ding ahihle bel, State manna dia govt. in nasem lou dingin ngetna nei hi.

Manipur a, ICDS nuai a Aganwadi workers te nasep leh haksatna tuamtuam toh kisai in tunung in Convention liantak khat Imphal ah sai hiding a, tua hun ah National leader tuamtuam leng hong kihel ding uh hi’n N.Bino Devi in gen a, tuaban ah, Manipur govt. sum sen leng hilou ICDS in a kinlam a, Directorate tuam a neih kul hidan in leng gen hi.

NPCC makaite’n Guv kimuhpih

Kohima, Sept 20(NNN): Nagaland State sung a politics bouruak sousang tak a a omlai in tuni in Nagaland Pradesh Congress Committee makaite’n Governor kimuhpihna nei ua, huai ah dakkal 1 leh akim sung houlimna nei uhi. NPCC leh Governor in bang genkhawm uhiam chih puankhiak hikei mahleh, tulai a Nagaland state sung a Politics sousang tak a a om ziak hiding in gintakthu kigen a, NPF Party apan MLA 4 taikhiak thuleh, DAN Ministry apan MLA 14 in kitawp asawmna thu utoh kisai hiding in muanmoh thu kigen hi.

Nagaland Pradesh Congress Committee (NPCC) President , Hokheto Sumi leh Vice President Khriedi Theünuo banah Congress leader tamtak leh Speaker lui Z. Lohe te’n State Governor, K. Sankaranarayanan Raj Bhavan mun ah kimuhpihna nei ua, huai ah thu gil pipi gending un gintakna liantak om hi’n thusuak in gen a, himahleh, NPCC President Khriedi in a kihouna uh bangmah mipi theihding in puangkhe ut nailou hi. Kumnawn February kha in Nagaland state sung ah Assembly election om ding a, huai ah NSCN IM deihsakna leh vualzawlna dong tum in tulai Political party tuamtuam naktak in kisa bemten uhi. NSCN IM in ahihleh, Nagaland state sung ah thuneihna liantak nei ban uah, amaute’n deihsakna leh vualzawlna a piakpiak un election ah vualtung tuanna leh Ministry thak bawlkhe theiding un kilang hi.

Assam Govt in VDP kithuahpih ding

Guwahati, Sept 20(NNN): Assam state sung ah Law and Order kise deuhdeuh abat ziak in, Government in panlak ding dan ngaihtuah lel ua, huai ah tulel a Upper Assam a kizang lel Village Defence Party (VDP) puah hoihthak ding in gen ua, Tinsukia, Dibrugarh, Jorhat leh Sibsagar District te Police leh Home Ministry in tangtak in enkol ding uh hi’n kigen hi. VDP te’n tulel in thau license nei tawi in himahleh, single barrel ngen ahihziak in helpawlte nanna vual om lou a, Government in hiai te a theihvek ziak in, VDP ading in leng Automatic Rifles issue pah hiding in DGP in thuthaksaite kiang ah gen hi.

ULFA leh helpawl tuamtuam te’n hunpaisa te in VDP thulak lou in, a ut na munmun uah, giak in ann huanua, huangvulh ganta te kaplup sak in, VDP member te peuh soisa in, bangmah in ana simlou uhi. Tulel in Assam state sung ah VDP registration et in khua 19,881 ah VDP om a, VDP Unit tamtak in nasem hoih in, a khosung uah helpawl nasan ana lutsak lou ua, himahleh, VDP khenkhat in bel helpawlte zalentak in ana gamtang sak uhi.

DoNER Minister in MNF Govt dem

Aizawl, Sept 20(NNN): Union Minister for DONER and Sports Mani Shankar Aiyar in tuni in Aizawl khopi vehna nei in huai ah Mizo National Front Government in lamteng ah minsiatna tang a, Government hausa deuhdeuh ding mipite zawng deuhdeuh ding chihna toh kibang ahi chi hi. MNF President leh CM hihna leen Zoramthanga in khantouhna sang in mimal hauhsakna ngai poimoh zaw a, tuamah bang in mipi hoihna sang in helpawl toh kizopna bawl hoih lunggulh zaw ahihdan Aiyar in hangsantak in gen hi. Tuni in Vanapa Hall, Aizawl ah, MPCC Workers Meet neih in om a, huai ah Union DoNER Minister in khuallian hihna toh uap in, thugenna nei hi.

Hiai hun ah, Mizoram Pradesh Congress Committee Chief Lal Thanhawla in leng thugenna nei a, MNF in policy dandeuh bawl neknak mah le uh sepsuah bangmah om lou in, Policy chauh bawlthei lel uh ahi chi a, nasepkhiak (excution) ah lohsapna ngah ua, tuamah bang in, nekgukna in amaute vualzawl ahi chi hi. Mizo National Front (MNF) party in kamsiam chauh in kitatkhiak ding gel in, mipite ngaihsak mahmah lou ua, 2003 Assembly election a Champhai bial a thiltung te ah mipi khanloh hunlawta ahihdan chiang chi’n Zoramthanga in gen hi.

Election bouruak ziak in 1 in sihlohta

Kohima, Sept 20(NNN): Nagaland Assembly Election 2008 a om ding toh kisai in thawmging kipanta a, 2008 Election ding toh kisai a sihna tuak masapen ding in Mokokchung District sung a Tuli Town ah mi khat in sihna tuak a, midang bangzah hiam tak in liamna tuak uhi. Nagaland Peoples Front (NPF) leh Congress kikal ah tulai in ki ngiiktuahna nasatak pailel a, tuni’n NPF MLA T. Talinungsang leh Congress candidate dan a 21 Tuli Assembly Constituency a dinsawm Imti Jamir gumtute kal ah nitaklam dak 5 in buaina liantak piang in, kisat tuahna om hi. Volunteer 300 vel kinawktuah in, suang in kiden khum ua, mi tamtak in thaubawl tawm tamtak atawikhiak ban uah, grenade tawikhe pawl leng om hi’n kigen hi.

Hiai hun ah mikhat Chuba Kumjuk kichi in sihna tuak a, amah ahihleh, Congress gumtu hidanin kigen a, Kangtsung village te hi’n leng thusuak in gen hi. Mipi ki honsualna ah NPF gumtu mi 8 in liamna tuak ua, kintak in Mokokchung damdawi inn ah tut in om uhi. Kangtsang Village Council in ahihleh, kalpaita Pathianni in thupukna khat bawl ua, huai ah NPF in Talinungsang MLA a nohkhiak ziak in Congress candidate Imti Jamir gupna piaksawm uh hidanin kigen hi. Tuli town leh Kangtsang bial ah IRB leh Army company 8 sawllut in om ngal uhi. Nagaland in kumnawn a Assembly Election aneih ding uh sousang mahmah ding in kilang hi.


www.zogam.com

Paite women in the changing power structure — A case study of Churachandpur —

By: Dr Rita Mairembam *


Churachandpur district, situated in the South Western part of the state, is the largest district covering an area of 4,570 sq. kms. The district is composed of 15 different communities such as Hmar, Paite, Thadou, Vaiphei, Zou etc with a population of 2,23,609, according to the 2001 census. Out of this, the female population is 1,13,967.

From the early history of Manipur we found that women were not confined within the four walls. They were free to move outside the house. Paite women are hard working. Women not only perform household duties, they contribute a lot in the maintenance of the family eco-nomy.

Besides household activities they participate actively in Jhum cultivation. They are engaged in weaving, collecting firewood. In a word we can say what not they have contributed. But what cre-dit do they get? Do they have any say in taking major decision for the family and state as a whole?

A woman possess nothing though she did most of the work. Their work is not considered as income generating works. In Paite society a woman is regarded as subordinate and inferior to a man in the estimation, concept and treatment of the male members. Why do women become subordinate to men?
Ethnic Dresses of Paite Woman.

There are many factors responsible for it. Traditional norms and beliefs placed women in a subordinate and inferior position in the family and society. But the most important factors for making women subordinate are economic dependance and non-participation in the decision making.

The Paite society is a patriarchal society and so it is male oriented and male dominated society. The society generally based on patriarchal values considers women only as subordinates, not as equals. Moreover they are strictly bound by customary laws. Paite women have no right to participate in the village administration, nor do they have the right to participate in the Indongta (family council).

They also have no right to inherit parental property. But with the passage of time there have been some changes in the power structure of the tribal society. Some of the changes can be studied in two aspects i.e. inheritance of property and administrative system.

Inheritance of Property: In a patriarchal society generally the right of inheritance of property goes to the father-line (male-line). There are two types of succession and inheritance of parental property in the traditional Paite society, Primogeniture and Ultimogeniture.

According to Primogeniture, the eldest son has the sole right to inherit the property and according to Ultimogeniture, the youngest son inherits the property. Even an illegitimate son can inherit his father’s property in case there is no other male issue of the father.

But a daughter is not allowed to inherit the parental property. The only occasion she can get some of her father’s property is in her marriage. At the time of marriage she is given puanpui/puanbu (a thick cotton mattress), tools (spade, a traditional agricultural implement), Lalpi (a basket made of cane with cover) and Slambu (tool for weeding) etc.

Besides, the daughter of a well-to-do family gets various kinds of things as Moutam (things to be distributed among her husband’s relatives). But now they are given many items like cot, almirah, utensils, television etc and even house and land by well to do families.

Moreover women started inheriting parental properties. e.g. Smt. Kim (not real name) of Salem Veng, inherited her parental properties. But she faced lots of objection from her relatives. Finally she entered into a negotiation with her relatives to find an amicable solution.

The reason for getting this right might be due to the introduction of the Manipur Land Revenue (MLR) and Land Reform (LR) Act, 1960 which was extended to 89 villages out of 225 villages in Churachandpur district. According to MLR and LR Act, 1960 every person who at the time of commencement of the act, holds only land from the Government for agricultural purposes, whether as a settlement holder on as a pattadar, his successor-in-interest, shall subject to the provisions of sub-section (2) of section 99 became the owner there of as and from such commencements.

Before the MLR & LR Act, 1960 was introduced in the hill areas the traditional land holding system was based on the principle of community ownership under the custodianship of the chief and was also based on customary laws of the village community. Therefore it might not be possible to give immovable property to daughters who left the parental house after marriage. Now the system of land ownership has been transferred from community to individual in these 89 villages of Churachandpur district.

Women have the right to inherit the property of her husband after the death of the husband. But Smt Lucy (not real name) faced lots of objection from the relatives of her husband as she has no son though she inherited all her husband’s property. She now decided to distribute her property among her daughters since the property is in her name ( i,e Pattadar) under the MLR & LR Act, 1960.

Those women who inherit properties are not aware of their legal rights. They inherit with an understanding and negotiation. In fact, if there is any objection from any person they can go to the law court and fight for their rights. But it is possible only to those areas where MLR & LR act is in force i,e Pattaland. Thus there is a change from the traditional laws of inheritance and gives an opportunity to women.

Administration: Paite administration system is authoritarian. The hill chief is the authority or head of the village and his position is hereditary. The chief is assisted by a Village Council consisting of people appointed or nominated by the chief.

No women is allowed in the family council i.e. Indong-ta and council of members of the village. If the chief has no male issue the nea-rest male kin will succeed him. Thus women have no right to participate in the village administration.

In the hill administrative system there are many changes. After Indian independence, an act for the administration of the hill areas, called the Manipur State Hill Peoples (Administration) Regulation Act 1947 was introduced. The act provided for the establishment and regulation of village authorities in the hill areas.

The Village Authority consisted of a Khullakpa (Hill chief), one representative from each clan and the village elders. The Hill Peoples Regulation Act, 1947 also envisaged a higher authority called the Circle Authority. A Circle Authority consisted of a circle officer and a council of five members elected by the village authority in the circle.

The Parliament passed another Act called the Manipur Village Authorities (Hill Areas) Act, 1956. The members were elected on the basis of adult franchise initiating people’s representation and thus introduced the democratic system of election. This act imposed certain limitations on the power and function of the hill chiefs that led towards the transformation of authoritarian system to democratic system.

The Manipur Hill Areas Acquisition of Chief’s Rights Act, 1967 made an attempt to abolish the chieftainship in the hill areas by paying compensation but the chieftainship still continues with all its rights and privileges.

In 1973 the Manipur (Hill Areas) District Council Act, 1971 was implemented and according to the act the hill areas of Manipur were divided into six autonomous districts with a District Council in each. Each District Council consisted of 18 elected members and 2 no-minated members. But in the changing scenario none of the women ever participated.

However, as the population has grown four folds in the district headquarters of Churachandpur, the Govt of Manipur declared the village 29 a notified areas under the order no. 24/56(s) 59-(NA) of 26/4161 covering an area of 1.83 sq km and in fulfilment of the criteria adopted in the 1961 census, Churachandpur became an urban place.

Thus small town committee was also extended in the area and elections were held in 1978. In the Small Town Committee election one woman called Smt. Vanlalengi was the nominated member. Nevertheless women’s participation in the process of administration has been thoroughly low.

With the increase in the size of the population and the size of the town as well, the administration of the town managed by Small Town Committee was found inadequate and the Government of Mani-pur declared Municipal Act, 1976 on the town and upgraded Churachandpur to Municipality in 1980. But the town area has been under the Jurisdiction of the Autonomous District Councils (in Manipur Hills) Act 1971.

Therefore there was controversies over this. The introduction of Municipality Act, 1976 on the town was strongly debated and because of the controversies the first Municipal election, 1983 was boycotted by the town dwellers. As a result the government considering all the problems and difficulties and with the recommendation of Hill Area Committee, withdrew the act from the town on 1st March 1988.

The assets & liabilities of Municipality were transferred to the Churachandpur Autonomous District Council. But there are no proper provisions for the maintenance of town administration in the present District Council. Thus, at the grassroots level of the village administration women got no chance to participate but very surprisingly in the Assembly and Parliamentary elections Paite and non-Paite women contested election and even got elected and participated in the political process.

Some of those who contested the assembly elections are T. Kholly, Lhingjaneng, Manleinuing, Hathoi, T. Ngaizanem etc. In the 1998 parliamentary election Kim Gangte was elected. The reason for non-participation of women in the village administration may be the hangover of the customary laws of the society.

The 73rd & 74th Amendment, 1992 & 1993 did not extend to the hill areas of Manipur which could have given an opportunity to join the decision making process at the grass root level since 1/3rd of the total seats are kept reserved for women in the local bodies.

It may be concluded that with the changing trend from authoritarian to democratic system of administration and with the introduction of the MLR & LR Act, 1960 there is a great change in the power structure of the traditional tribal society.

The absolute power of the hill chief degraded considerably in the Churachandpur town area. Because of this transformation, there are changes in the position and role of the women who had otherwise a subordinate position. Still they are left far behind compared to other general women.

The reason may be lack of education, lack of political consciousness and lack of awareness of individual and legal rights etc. Therefore, to improve the status of women, education should be given to women and it is necessary to make them aware of their rights.

It is also necessary to modify the customary laws. Social legislation can do nothing to change a society in which traditional customs and taboos are deep rooted.


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* Dr Rita Mairembam wrote this article for The Sangai Express . This article was webcasted on September 21st, 2007


www.e-pao.com

Updated Manipur Burning News | September 21, 2007

Arrangements made for adequate security; Repoll at 49 polling stations today

The Imphal Free Press

IMPHAL, Sept 20: The state election commissioner has ordered re-poll at 49 polling stations where the panchayat elections were held yesterday. The polling will be conducted with armed security personnel guarding the polling stations tomorrow, officials said.

Formal notifications for fresh poll by the concerned returning officers were also issued today and arrangements for foolproof security have been completed, the source added.

The state police department has detailed A Romenkumar Singh, IGP, law and order-II as in-charge of the security arrangement for Bishnupur district, S Dinokumar Singh, IGP, law and order-I for Imphal west, W Meenakumar, director, MPTS for Imphal east and C Doungel, deputy IGP, armed police for Kangpokpi.

Apart from this, the IGP, armed police MA Raheman Shah, has been specially assigned for looking after the security arrangement for four highly sensitive polling stations at Kanglatongbi gram panchayat under Sapermaina and Kanglatongbi police stations.

Fresh repolls have been ordered as per the recommendation of the presiding officers who were on duty at the polling stations yesterday. The repolls were made necessary following yesterday`s capturing and destroying of ballot boxes, snatching of ballot papers and suspension of polling midway due to various other disturbances.

The fresh poll is to be conducted from 8 am till 4 pm tomorrow. Polling personnel along with security personnel for some highly sensitive areas have taken post this evening, sources said.

Out of the 49 polling stations where fresh polls are to be conducted, 25 polling stations are in Imphal east, nine are in Imphal west, 13 are in Thoubal district and two are in Bishenpur district.

Out of the 25 polling stations in Imphal east one is under Sawombung sub-division at Khewa Phurju LP School. Seven are in Porompat sub-division which are Lairikyengbam Leikai High School, Kshetri Iril Mapal UJB School, Mela Lampak Junior High School, north wing, and south wing, South Eastern Development Organization Club, SEDOC, Naorem Babu Junior High School, wing A and B.

Seventeen polling stations are in the Keirao Bitra sub-division.

They are Kongba Phibantaba LP school,

Urup Salanpham LP School, north and south wing, Kiyamgei Awang Leikai LP School, Kiyamgei Mayai Leikai LP School, Kiyamgei High Madrasa, Ideal High School, Kiyamgei, Girls` LP School, Kiyamgei, Poiroukhongjin Primary School (A), Nashiruddin Sangoi (Oja), Ningthounai Primary School, Madrassa Ashrafia, Laikhong LP School, Tumukhong Lairenbi Youth Club, south wing.

Out of the nine repoll stations in Imphal west, five are under Lamsang sub-division. The stations are Lambal Govt. LP School, BL Junior High School, north wing, Charhajare, Golden English High School, BL Junior High School (south wing) and CL Memorial Hindi School Upper Charhare.

Three of the polling stations are under Patsoi sub-division. They are Yurembam Makha Leikai Aided UJB School, Yurembam, Yurembam Mayai Leikai Kabui LP School, Yurembam and Recent Higher Secondary School, Sagoltongba. One polling station of Wangoi sub-division, Khagemba Primary School, north wing will also have repoll tomorrow.

Altogether 13 polling stations in Thoubal district will witness fresh polling. Out of them three are under Lilong sub-division. They are the polling stations at Shingdamshang Moijing (which shifted to Moijing co-op society building), awing Leikai LP Madrasa, Moijing and Uchiwa Wangma Primary School.

Five are in Thoubal sub-division and they are Ukhongsang Lourem Boys` LP School, Thokchom LP School, Langmeithet LP School, Kiyambem Chingtam High School, east wing and Leitanthem Ranjit Singh Mamang Sangoi.

Another five polling stations of the district located under the Kakching sub-division. They are Sora Kakching LP School, Sarik Konjil Primary School, Wangoo Chuthek Primary School, Mamang Sabal Primary School and Nungoo LP School.

The two polling stations where repolls are to be conducted are at Nambol sub-division (Ishok Govt. JB School) and Moirang sub-division (Thanga Ithing Samukon LP School.
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Polling agent gunned down in post election violence

The Imphal Free Press

IMPHAL, Sept 20: Election related violence has claimed at least one life, with gunmen shooting dead the inner polling agent of one of the candidates for the Imphal east zilla parishad at Kiyamgei Muslim Leikai under Irilbung police station last night.

The deceased, identified as Md Kitab Ali, 18, of Kiyamgei Muslim Leikai was reportedly gunned down during a confrontation near his home at around 10:30 pm.

It is believed the incident was the aftermath of a clash that had occurred during a booth capturing incident yesterday.

The victim was hit once in the back, with the bullet exiting through his left chest. He died on the spot.

According to family sources, the deceased was the inner agent of jilla parishad candidate Md Sarafat Ali, 38, for polling station 15/18 Kiyamgei Mayai Leikai LP School in yesterday`s election.

As per reports, Kitab Ali had a confrontation with workers of a pradhan candidate around noon yesterday near the polling station after the latter captured the booth and tried to take away the ballot boxes.

According to Kitab`s family, the workers were armed and in the course of the confrontation with him, fired at least three shots in the air.

The workers however fled after people gathered on hearing the gunshots. They were also heard shouting that Kitab Ali will face the consequences for daring to defy them.

Later, at around 10:30 pm last night, Kitab with some friends were at the gate of his home when some 20 persons came up and verbally abused him for his role in the confrontation earlier in the day. The youths also reportedly threatened to burn his house down if he did not apologize.

When Kitab`s friends tried to physically intervene, one of the assailants shot Kitab Ali, and fled after firing several rounds in the air.

Local people soon afterwards started a manhunt for the assailants but could not trace them.

A police case has been registered, while the body has been handed over to the family after post mortem at RIMS hospital.
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High level team inspects Charhajari situation

The Imphal Free Press

IMPHAL, Sept 20: Following several incidents of arson in the Charhajari area, under Sapermeina police station attributed to supporters of the Sadar Hills District Demand Committee, a high level team visited the area today to take stock of the situation and inspect arrangments for holding of panchayat repolls tomorrow.

The team, led by the chairman of the Hill Area Committee of the state legislative Assembly, Thangminlien Kipgen, visited the sites where arson had taken place yesterday, including the four shops burnt down at Charhajari bazar yesterday evening, and the saw mill belonging to pradhan candidate Kedarnath Nepali that was burnt down on September 18.

The visiting team also made an assessment of the property damaged due to the incidents of arson and the DC, Senapati, Prem Singh, informed the public that he would initiate necessary steps from the district administration`s side for provision of compensation for the loss caused due to the arson.

The Sadar Hills District Demand Committee, it may be mentioned, had boycotted yesterday`s elections and also imposed a 48-hour bandh in the area. The acts of arson yesterday and the day before are attributed to its supporters.

In the meantime, tension in the area is still high in the wake of yesterday`s violence, and police and security forces have been deployed in large numbers to prevent any untoward incidents.

Sources reported that additional security reinforcements have been sent to the area yesterday both in view of the prevailing tension and for tomorrow`s repolls.

Repolls will be held at at four polling stations in Charhajari area, namely polling stations no. 10/25/1, 10/25/2, 10/25/3 and 10/25/4 where polling had to be stopped due to disturbances yesterday.

Sources added that security arrangements for the repolls in the area are to be personally supervised by IGP MA Rahman, who is to be assisted by a DIG rank officer.
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Kangla Online

Expand Federal Structure

Editorial, The Imphal Free Press

Sometimes, mending fences is the best way to mend relations. The familiar illusion of “time-immemorial fraternity” which has caught the imagination of so many amongst Manipur’s “unity campaign brigade” must be viewed under this new scanner too. For one thing, the illusion is being exposed for what it is time and again regardless of who fails to learn the lesson or see the reality. And this reality says that the hill valley divide is far from being bridged, and on the other hand the chasm is widening. This revisionist illusion, whereby the past (or at least what was believed to be the reality of the past) is sought to be revised to suit present contingencies, has other serious ramifications. It tends to produce a policy philosophy that places too much faith in a centralised bureaucracy based on the assumption that the challenge of governance is to deal with the aggregate of a homogenous public will. In a multi-ethnic, multi-religion, multi-linguistic society, this presumption of a workable aggregate will of the people has been proven to be a myth repeatedly. A lot has already been said about the ills of bandhs and blockades, but a scan of the declared objectives of these disruptive protests will again reveal among others, the nonexistence of this aggregate will. In fact, it will be discovered that on more occasion than not, different manifestations of public will, work at cross purpose. If there are some groups agitating for Sadar Hills district status, there will also undoubtedly be others preparing to agitate against any move to create such a district. The present imbroglio over school affiliation is just the latest example of this unsettled and segmented nature of public will. Such tussles are far too many to be treated only as aberrations and not falling into a definite pattern.

A total overhaul of policy philosophy then may be what is called for in the bridge building effort. The new orientation must no longer be about seeking absolute unity, but of federating into autonomous units. It must literally be about mending fences or erecting new ones. That is to say, draw lines to demarcate varying aspirations. In the present case of school education for instance, maybe the government should give a serious thought to the idea of having separate education directorates for tribals and non-tribals, or hills and valley. If these directorates feel the need for some degree of variations in their syllabuses, especially in some areas of humanities study streams, maybe this should be allowed. As for science and mathematics, since they are so universal and fundamental, there cannot be anything different in what is taught about these subjects anywhere in the world. These directorates can also be given the freedom to choose their medium of instruction, as well as languages to be taught etc. The government must stop being influenced by obscurantists who are bent on enforcing single rectilinear norms of governance, erasing in the process the reality and beauty of variety.

Good fences, they say make good neighbours. With a government remaining as the benign overseer, let Manipur mend its fences too. Give the hills the intellectual and spiritual space it demands and rid itself of the ill feeling of being subjugated and encroached upon by the valley. It is however equally important now, to let the valley have its own space too, and live to actualise its own genius without the guilt of having deprived anybody else of his rights and entitlements. But let it also be realised that hills and valley form one composite geographical and ecological region. They simply cannot be separated, just as the mountains that feed the rivers, or the lakes the rivers in turn feed, cannot be separated from each other. To ask for such a separation would be unnatural and amount to asking for trouble – big trouble. Manipur is witnessing precisely this. The way out is to realise the inseparability of what nature has bonded, and also at the same time the distinctness of every natural entity. The hills and valley may be bound by nature, but they are also distinctly different. They coexist and they cannot but coexist, but this does not mean they are one and the same thing. Let the new generation policy philosophy be built on such a foundation.

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'Let readers decide who is anti-Manipur'
By : A Staff Reporter 9/21/2007 1:24:58 AM

IMPHAL, Sept 20: Executive editor of the NE Sun, Deepak Dewan, expressed surprise at the reaction of the Manipur Government spokesman to a report on a memorandum submitted by a civil society body called Senior Citizen’s Society, Manipur, and to him for writing it, calling it "subverting the interest of Manipur”.The journalist said it seems chief minister Okram Ibobi Singh and his spokesman are not aware of the visit of the senior citizens to New Delhi to meet the Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh, UPA chairperson Mrs Sonia Gandhi, Union home minister Shivraj Patil, defence minsiter Pranab Mukherjee and the leaders of other political parties. The editor said a copy of the memorandum is with him and among the members of the Senior Citizens for Society are retired ministers, politicians,lecturers, advocates, and almost all its office bearers are from the valley.Four of them met the Prime Minister and other the other Central leaders, he said.It is the paranoia of chief minister Ibobi and his spokesman that must have made them to believe it to be a ‘Conspiracy’ against Manipur he said.Dewan further said due to space constraint the full text of the memorandum could not be published in the current issue of the NE Sun but he will do so in the next issue as his integrity has been questioned.He said let the people of Manipur know the truth and decide who is anti-Manipur.As a journalist, he said he has merely done his duty when he got to know from his sources in New Delhi about the visit of the senior citizens from Manipur, and managed to get a copy of the memorandum they submitted.After all the memorandum has raised issues concerning the interests of the Manipur civil society and the current political scenario in the state, he said.Therefore the question of me being ‘anti- Manipur’ as alleged by the spokesman of the Ibobi Government is a blind accusation and an attempt to divert the issue raised by the representative of an important Manipur civil society organisation, the editor said.Surely, an issue concerning the welfare of Manipur and it's citizens cannot be termed as ‘Anti-Manipur' he said.

Lamka Post | September 20, 2007

YMA Manipur Silver Jubilee lawm

Lamka Sept 19: Young Mizo Association Manipur Group in YMA Manipur phuhkhiat ahihnung kum 25 chinna/Silver Jubilee, YMA Hall, Hmuia Veng ah tuni’n lawm uhi.

Hiai Jubilee lopna hunzat ah Mr. Vanlalzawma, M.P. (Lok Shabha) in Chief Guest hihna toh uap a, Mr. J.H. Zoremthanga, President, CYMA in Jubilee Pa hihna toh uap a President, ZYA., President, HYA., leh President, KKL. te’n Guest of Honours hihna toh uap uhi. Chief Guest Mr.Vanlalzawma, M.P. (Lok Shabha) in Jubilee Building honna aneih banah YMA Manipur a makai masate pahtawina thilpiak piakkhiatna nei hi.

Chief Guest in a thugenna hun ahYMA pen Phatuamngai pawlpi mai hilou in society kingakna ahihdan leh social institution hoihtak ahihdan gen hi.
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HAC Chairman makaih in MLA 11 in Lamka pha

Lamka Sept 19: Manipur Hill Areas Committee a Chairman Pu Thangminlien Kipgen makaih in HAC Member MLA 11 in tuni zing dak 10:30 vel in Lamka hongpha ua Tuibuang a ADC building kibawllel etkhiatna nei ua huaizoh in IB Road a Synod Hall ah District Council nuai a semtu khenkhatte toh kimu uhi.

Tuni a MLa honghohte bel HAC Chairman Thangminlien Kipgen, Vice- Chairman Mr. Khangthuanang Pamei, Mr. V. Hangkhanlian, Mr.T. Manga Vaiphei, Mr. Ngursanglur, Mr. Wungnaoshang Keishing, Dr. Khasim Ruivah, Mr. W. Marung Makunga, Mr. Haokholet Kipgen, Mr. Doukhomang leh Mr. Awangou Newmai te hi uhi.

HAC member-te’n Manipur a singtanggam puahphat leh kepbitna ding a panla a singtang district tuamtuamte amun mahmah a vapha mipite haksatna enkhia hi uhi. Amau zanlam zek in Chandel District vapha ua zinghal chiang in Ukhrul District vapha nawn ding uhi.

HAC Vice-Chairman in a thugenna hun ah singtang gam District Council huamsung/jurisdiction a khua bangzah gram panchayat leh Zilla Parishad nuai a om hiam chih zonkhiat hiding hidi’n gen hi. Singtang gam a Autonomous District Council bangchi puahphat ding hiam chih buaipihlel uh ahihdan gen in District teng in amau district sung a council school omzah, Teaching staff omzah, sanctioned post omzah leh Plan leh Non-Plan a fund amuhzah uh tel in data tuamtuam kimtak a pekhawm ding in ngen uhi. Maban ah District Council election neih pah hiding ahihdan gen in Phaijang a Primary teacher-te’n pension amuhtheih uhleh bangding a District Council a teacher-te’n pension mulou ding hiam chih dotna dongkawm in singtanggam a haksatna tuamtuamte hihvaivenna ding a pangkhawm ding in ngen hi.

Dr. Khasim Ruivah in a thugenna hun ah singtangmite laisiam tampi omta ahihdan gen in pilna siamna i neihte ei honsuakta sak ding thutak zonkhiatna dia zat ding ahihdan gen in Constitution in kong tamtak ah hon khiang/protect himahleh huaite zatdan i theihkeileh vokpi mai a suangmantam koih toh kibanglel ding ahihdan gen in MLA te mipite zat ding a om uh ahihdan gen in mipite kipumkhat ding amau (MLA) te zang leh kithuahpih ding in ngetna nei hi. Israelte a saltanna ua pan apaikhiatna ding ua amaute pitu Mosi in Herod bangzahvei hiamtak amaituah ngai banga singtanggamte puahphatna ding a bangkim maituah ngap ngai ahihdan gen hi. Mr.V. Hangkhanlian,MLA in athugenna hunah mipite’n ahaksatnate uh mipi palaite kiang tun ding in theisak a huaidungjui a mipi palaite’n mipi taksap banga nnasem ding uh ahihdan gen in District council hihhatna ding a mipi palaite malakna kithuahpih ding in ngen hi. Mr. Ngursanglur, MLA in a thugenna hun ah District council tungtawn a singtangmite panpih ut ahihdan gen in HAC te Government hilou a MLA maimai ahihziak ua Government tungtawn a mipite panpih khatheilou ahihziak ua District council tungtawn a mipi panpih ut ahihdan leh mipite haksatna theilou a panpih chih omtheilou ahihdan gen in khangthakte maban ding khualna a District council puahphat kul ahihdan gen hi. Central Government in mautam kialpi hongtung ding theikhawl in kialdouna ding in sumtamtak sanction bawlmahleh a zangtu ding takte’n tangphalou uh ahihdan gen in khua khat ngialhouh Government in Rs.16 Lakhs sanction mahleh khomipi’n Rs. 50, 000/- kia tangpha uh ahihdan gen hi. Tuni a kikhopna ah CEO/CCpur damlouhna ziak in teltheilou a Addl. Dy. Commissioner/Ccpur leng a naupa sih ziakin tellou hi.
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Gospel Camp neilel

Lamka Sept 19: Lamka Rehabilitation & Research Centre (LRRC) saina in Bungmual a Lam-etna mun ah apaisa September 7, 2007 apan in honghtung ding September 30, 2007 tan daih ding Free Detox & Gospel Camp nei lel uhi.

Hiai camp ah damdawi khamtheih zongsang leh zungolvei banah guihtheih zongsat ziak a inn-le-lou bel theilou a vakvai bangzah hiam tel in mi 20 vel tel uhi. Hiai camp ah ‘Mihai sih a si ding na hia ?’ (2 Sam 3:33) chih thupi a zang in Rev. M. Gousuan, DS South Lamka EBC, Rev. L. Ramlian, Spiritual Co-ordinator, LRRC, Pastor Jamkhanpau leh Evan. Timothy Tuolor te’n thugenna lel uhi.
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SDPO/CCpur kikheng

Lamka Sep 19: Manipur Home Department in apaisa August 17, 2007 a order a suah dungzui in Lamka a Sub Divisional Police Officer (SDPO) tuni’n kikheng hi. SDPO/CCpur hihna lenlel Mr. W.Orjit Singh, MPS pen CID/Crime Branch a sem ding in suan in om a Mr.K. Kabib, IPS pen SDPO/CCpur ding in tuni’n hongpai in join ngal hi.
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Rice mill ah kihihliam kha

Lamka Sep 19: Mrs. Lalzami (28) W/o. Lalhmangaiha of Kangvai tuzing dak 7:00 vel in a a buhhekna Rice mill ua sik kipei in a puanten peikhawmkha in amah kipuk a a veilam mittung liam in Lamka Damdawi inn ah etkol in omlel hi.
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Smile Concert om ding

Lamka Sep 19: Pakai a Phai Worship Team kichi lasa pawlpite’n hong tung ding Sept. 25, 2007 nitak dak 5 in District Transport Office Campus, Bijang ah Sound System project a nei in “Smile Concert of Peace” kichi Concert thupitak nei ding uhi.
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Manipur Bandh beita

Lamka Sep 19: Kuki Students Organization, GHQ leh ANSAM daltu tamtak om mahleh Langol a NIT koih a sawm teitei ziak uh leh Singtang bial mun khenkhat a Panchayat election neih a sawm uh dalna a tuni a bandh a bawl uh ZSF leh KSO/CCpur in kithuahpihna a piak uh tuni’n beita hi.

Thutut kingah dan in, hiai bandh toh kisai in Churachandpur district sung ah thil tung gen ding bangmah omlou a, kholak ah gari tai muh ding om mahleh Govt. office leh Institution teng banaha, Lamka khopi sung a dawr teng kikhak vek hi.
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PCI in Revival Crusade nei ding

Lamka Sep 19: Presbyterian Church of India, Revical Centenary Committee saina in hong tung ding Sept. 21, 2007 apan in Revival Crusade nei ding ua, Sept. 23, 2007 in zou ding uhi.

Hiai hun sung in Billy Graham Evangelistic Associates apan Rev. Dr. Robert Cunville leh Rev. Dr. J.T. Jyrwa ten Tanchinhoih gen ding uhi.
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PMRY back-log ten nget theih

Lamka Sept 19: District Level Task Force Committee (PMRY) in thusuah a bawlna uah DIC/CCpur centre pansan a 1998-99 kikal a PMRY ngah ding a telkhiak himahleh tunitan ngah nailoute’n ngah ding a telkhiak ahihna uh chetna ding document tawi in Member Secretary, District Level Task Force Committee (PMRY) kiang ah ngetna piaklut theih ding hi.
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Lamka South Div. EBC Mission khawmpi

Lamka, Sept-19: Evangelical Baptist Convention, Lamka South Division saina in hong tung ding Sept. 21-23, 2007 sung Hebron Church EBCC Biakinn ah “Gal khat lam I kai ding uh” Mission khawmpi om ding hi.

Hiai hun ah Rev. Dr. Luaichinthang, Director of Ministries, EBC leh Rev. M. Gousuan, Divisional Supdt., EBC/Lamka South Div. ten tanchinhoih gen ding ua, Rev. Dr. S. Langzakham, Pricipal GBC in Seminar ah sinsak ding ai, ECT Trio ten Pathian phatna la awi ding uhi.
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Lamka North BCD khawmpi

Lamka, Sept-19: Evangelical Baptist Convention, Lamka North Division, Baptist Children Department saina in hong tung ding Sept. 29-30, 2007 sung Bungmual EBCC Biakinn ah khawmpi nei ding uhi.

Hiai hun ah Rev. Khamkholun, Executive Secretary, EBC in tanchinhoih gen ding a, phatna lapawl leh laisiangthou thu a kitaitehna thupitak leng nei ding uhi.
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Panchayat election ah mun tamtak ah buaina om;

Mun tamtak a re-poll om dia gintak ahi

IMPHAL SEPT 19: Manipur phaijang bial, Imphal East, Imphal West, Thoubal

leh Bishnupur district sunga Zilla Parisad, Pradhan leh member ding teelna, Panchayat election tuni zinglam dak 8 apat nitaklam dak 4 tan neih in om a, mun tamtak a buaina piang hi’n thutut kingah hi.Tuni zinglam vote khiak kipat nung sawt kihal lou in, Sadar Hills area sunga Charhazar Junior High school kichihna polling station mun ah, vote bangzah hiam khiat ahihnung in, numei tamtak vahoh in, ballot box leh paper te laksak in haltum uhi. Hiai mun a mipi tamtakte hawlzakna dingin, security ten blank fire tanpha kap ua, himahleh hiai polling station ah vote khiak hinawn lou dan in thutut kingah hi. Theihtuak bel, Sadar hills district demand committee in, September 17 zankim apat tuzan kim tan daih ding Sadar Hills sunga bandh apuan ban uah, Panchayat election neih hitheilou ding chih thupuan a bawl sa uh hi a, hiai toh kisai mah in zanhal nitak in leng Charhazar a Pradhan candidate Dedarnath kichi Saw mill leh Maruti van leng halsak in omta hi.

Tuni sunnung in leng hiai mipa inn halsawm om mahleh lohsam uh hidan in thutut kingah hi. Huailou in Wangoi PS huamsung Ishok maning leikai Govt. aided LP school ah leng zinglam in candidate nih te worker kal a kitheih siamlouhna piangin kisual zak uhi. Imphal East district sunga polling station 490 vel om lak ah buaina om mahleh thupilua bel omlou hi’n thutut kingah hi. Uchekon mun a polling station khat ah leng, a nunglam apat mithum valut in vote khiakna vasubuai ua, ballot paper bangzah hiam alak khiak nungun, amau deih candidate adingin vote bangzah hiam vakhia uhi. Hiai mun a Presiding Officer gendan in amau vote khiakte invalid hidinga chiamteh ahihdan gen hi. Naorem leikai a polling station khat mah ah, pawl khat in vote list valaksak uh chih ahi.Andro mun ah booth capture sawm pawl om ziak in kisualna thupitak piangin Maruti Car khat leng hihsiat in om hi.
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Pasal khat electric post in manlum

IMPHAL SEPT 19: Tuni zingkal in Lamphel PS huamsung Cheirao ching mun ah pasal khat electric in manlum hi. Hiai toh kisai a thutut kingah dan in, Tente Siksel Koireng(55) leh azi of Sadu Koireng village, tulel a Lamphel Sana Keithel a om tuni zingkal baihtak a a zi toh walking pai hi uhi.

Thutut kingah dan in, walking a paina uh Cheirao ching tang apat kum kiklam kikhen kha ua, a pasal inn a tun hakluat tak a ava zonna uah electric post gei a sisa a vamu khia uh hi’n thutut kingah hi.

Hiai mun a electric post bel high tension gui kizan hi a, tua a insulator kisiat ziaka current paitheih ziak a man lum kha ahihdan theikhia uhi. Misi inkuanpihte’n bel, govt. in zangna dopna pe ding in ngen uhi. Hiai mun a electric post ziak in, hun paisa inleng bawng khat sita a, numei khat leng mankha ngeita hi’n thutut kingah hi.
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Bandh in hindan ngeina subuai

IMPHAL SEPT 19: Langol tangbul a Manipur govt. in National Institute of Technology (NIT) bawl khiak a sawm deihlouhna leh, tuni a Panchayat election in Sadar Hills area sunga mun bangzah hiam ahuam khak lungkimlouh ziakin, tuni zinglam dak 5 apat nitaklam dak 6 tan KSO GHQ in bandh puang uhi.

Hiai ziakin Imphal khopi sung hindan ngeina nawngkai mahah a, District kawmtuah passenger gari te atai muh ding omlou a, Imphal bazar ah leng dawr bukte a tamzaw kikhak hi.

Hichibang kal ah, Bandh gumpawl hidia gintakte’n Langol lampi a mun bangzah hiam ah gari tyre hal in lampi khak ua, IRB leh MR ten mi 11 man in, Lamphel PS tun mahle uh, numei pawl tamtak tuamun a vahoh in va lakhia uhi.
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Jeep khat hal in om

IMPHAL SEPT 19: Tuni zinglam dak 9.30 vel dingin, Kanglatongbi lak ah bandh bawl pawl hidia gintakten, Imphal lam a kipan Jeep MN 1K/5978 khat hal uhi. NH 39 tawn a gari paite leng army te atanpha paisuak sak hilou dan in leng kigen hi.
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T.N. Haokip in thugenna vanei

IMPHAL SEPT 19: New Delhi Vigyan Bhawan a om 26th Conference of The Ministers of Information & Cinematography State Govt. and UT Administrations hun ah, Manipur a IPR Minister T.N.Haokip in leng tuni’n thugenna vanei hi. Aman Manipur a broadcasting sector, Film sector leh Information sector toh kisai a state dinmun leh maban a govt. in pan alak dia poimoh a sakte taklang hi.
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Manipur ah Seri project bawlhoih kul

IMPHAL SEPT 19: Sericulture department saina nuai a Kangla mun a Exhibition cum Cocoon mela zan nitak in zoh in omta hi.

Hiai hunkhakna a khuallian Chief Minister O. Ibobi Singh in agenna ah, Manipur a Sericulture leh Industry hoihtak a puah in state sum dinmun domkang ding ahihdan gen hi. Sericulture industry hoihtak a bawl theih ding chih Central govt. nuai a Ministry of Textiles, Central Silk board leh Japan govt. in thei mahmah hidan in leng CM in taklang hi. Technology hoih taktak zanga tulel a kingah silk product kumkhat sunga tuasanga seh guk tan a punsak hithei ding leh, kum thum paisa sunga raw silk product leng metric ton 300 vel pha ahihdan gen hi. Hichibang teng ahihman in Sericulture project phase masa 2008 tan a zoh ding kichi kuapeuh in kithuah pihna peding inleng CM in ngen hi.
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NEWMAI NEWS:
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ZORO in Zosuante chialna bawl

Aizawl, Sept 19(NNN): Zo Reunification Organization in zingchiang Sept. 20 in Co-operation Hall, Aizawl ah United Nations in Declaration of Rights of Indigenous People a neih uh lopna neih sawm uh hidan in thutut in kingah hi.

ZORO in thusuah a bawlna ah UNO General Assembly in Sept. 13 in Rights of Indigenous People chih Dan ana bawlkhia uh a, huai nuai ah Article 46 te’n indigenous people chi a chiamteh a omte humbit nang a bawlkhiak a om ahihdan taklang hi.

ZORO thusuak in a genbelzelna ah, nuaisiah a om Namte a ding a kum 20 val pan analata uh ahihdan taklang kawm in UN General Assembly in nuaisiah leh nelhsiah a om Namte humbit nang a hiai bang Dan ahon bawlkhiak uh kipahna etsakna ding a hiai bang function sai dek uh ahihdan leng taklang hi.

Hiai function zatna hun ah ZORO in NGO leh political party teng a President teng leh Media-te banah Mizo mipi tengteng tel ding in chialna leng bawl ngal uh a, hiai hun a Mizo mipi min a resolution leng pass a e-mail tungtawn a UNO a khak sawm uh ahihdan leng thusuah in taklang hi.
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Manipur Naga pawlpite’n Nagaland Govt. thupukna kipahpih

Senapati, Sept 19 (NNN): United Naga Council (UNC), Naga Women Union, Manipur (NWUM), Naga People Movement for Human Rights (NPMHR) leh All Naga Students Association, Manipur (ANSAM) te’n Nagaland Assembly in School Board thu a buaina toh kisai a Dan (legislation) a bawl uh kipahpih mahmah kawm in “khangthu a Nagaland Govt. nnasep chiamteh tham” ahi chi uhi.

Nagate a dia pawlpi lian teng kigawm khawm in Nagaland State Cabinet in open door policy adopt a Nagaland Board of School Education (NBSE) nuai a a ut peuhmah, muntuam apat hileleng affiliation bawl thei ding chi a 10th Nagaland Legislative Assembly, Sept. 18, 2007 a thu pass uh Nagate khangthu a chiamteh in a om ngei ding chi kawm in hiai Universal Education policy pen National Education Policy toh kituak ahihman in Govt. of India in leng Nagaland state pakta mahmah ding ahihdan taklang uhi.

Manipur a dia Nagate pawlpi lian teng UNC,NWUM,NPMHR leh ANSAM in thusuah a bawl khawmna uah hichibang Dan bawlkhiak ahihtheihna dia panlate, Mr. Neiphui Rio, Hon'ble Chief Minister, Nagaland, CM’ Council of Ministers, Mr. I. Imkong, opposition leader leh party teng a MLA-te tung ah kipahthu gen uhi. Huai teng banah, Naga Hoho, Naga Student Federation (NSF), Naga Mother’s Association (NMA), NPMHR, leh Naga mipite tung ah leng kipahthu gen uhi.

Kipahthu a gen kawm un, Naga pawlpi te’n ethnic minority in syllabus hoihzaw leh a kituahpih zawk uh a zon pen uh nelhsiah a omte’n siamsianna hoihzaw a deihna ziak uh ahihman in kuapeuhmah kiang ah school affiliation thu toh kisai himhim politicize lou ding in UNC,NWUM,NPMHR leh ANSAM in ngetna bawl uhi.
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Mizoram session kipan: Bangpi genlou uh

Aizawl, Aug 19(NNN): Mizoram Assembly Session pat in om a, huaiah Shri Chandra Shekhar Prime Minister lui leh Shri L. Piandenga, MLA lui sunna hun zang ua, bangpi genlou in Innpi khak in om maimah hi. R. Lalchhuana, General Secretary Zoram Nationalist Front in agenna ah, bangziak a Speaker in Innpi a khak pah hiam? chih dotna bawlkawm in, Mizo National Front in a zahlak ding uh alauh ziak ua, house ah hunsawt zang ngamlou uh ahi chi hi.


www.zogam.com

Careeer Awareness Nei tomdeuh I Hi Di Uam?

Career awareness i cih in hih maban a bang tum i hia leh bang option om ahia cih lam kok deuh in ka thei a banah i qualification toh kituak a bang ahia ihih theih cih ahi deuh hi.Tulai Lamka khopi hi in singtang lam hita leh hiai lam a kita sam hi in ka ki thei hi.Ten passed zoh chia science lak a hjoih i chi ua i la souh souh mai mah ua hilehle 12 zoh a bang bang ahia option om i hih theih om cih lam thei khollou in ka ki koih hi. Miteng in science la hiven chi in mahni ale lunglut na om khollou pi in i la souh souh ua lunglut lou cih mah tuh results hong suah chiah a tam zaw in i fail ek ua i maban di uh ki khak mai mah uh hi.

Tua sang in hoih tak in naupang te loi 10th hon passed chiang un a schooll kaina te uh hiam ahih keh i student organization te un hih hoih tak in awareness neih pih na nei in ni nih ahih keh nithum khong huchi in neih pih thei leng ut huai di ahi.Huai a din i officer te uh leh zilna na neisa te khong chial in a mau experience khong share sak thei leng hoih mah mah din ka gingta hi.

Huai banah 12th zoh chia hih theih a tam dan te leh exam tuam tuam gelh theih te ki kokmuh thei leng hoih din gintak huai mahmah hi.Ka theih dan in hih lamka a college kai a 12th a sceince la ten hih a tamzaw in hih CBSE PMT, IIT,AIEEE,AIIIMS,BHU etc entrance exam cih hih thei kha khollou uh hi iin ka thei a poimah mah cih louh ngal gen di omlou hi.Manipur a medical extrance leh engineeer dia entrance tuh i thei kha ua hoih mah mah hi hilehle huai tuh hun lou ahi.Hiai central lamte a hih tamlou chik in i hih sek ua huai tele Imphal lak a omte leh Khopi a omte chauh khong ahi sek uh hi. Seat lah tam ngal hoih deuh a guide di om henla hileh eiloi inle hih zoh louh dia gintak huai lou ahi.Bihar ah le hichi bang in student a siam deuh a telkhia ua coaching a thawn a pia ua a tamzaw in hiai examte a lohching sek uh hi. Eilam ahle a thei deuh te selection hiam bawl in nu leh pa te kiang le a hoih dan gen pih in hiai exam te adin ki sa khol sak thei leng ut haui hi. Ka theih dan in eilam mite le IIT leh NIT khong ah le ana ching tam sim i omta ua amau loi a pan a experience uh leh ana ki prepare dan uh khong dong in panthei leng hoih din ka gingta hi.

Engineer leh MBBS khong adia i chin zoh kei leh le central gov. institute tampi om ahi thil tuam2 zil theih na eg,Fashion Technology.B.Pharm, Hotel Management,GNM, Physiotherapy,etc cih khong nak tam lua mai mah hi.Hiai te lak a le ei singtang mite dia seat omvek hilai zomah hoih deuh a guidance thei omleng eilam mite i ching lou tuan kei di uh ka chi ngam ahi.

Huai banah BA I hon zoh chia i buai non na uh tuh bang hih ta di cih ahi non hi hiai lam ah le hih theeih nak tamlo mai mah ahi. khenkhat ten solkar na tomdeuh deuh i chi ua ken tuh tamm deuh deuh ahi ka chi hi. Solkar na a ki ngak non louh di cih khong i gensek ua dik tuh dik mah e hilehle solkar in hichi tuk a hon deih sak a bangdia solkar na delh lou di cih ahi ka ngaih dan. Private ale tuh hoih lona a hilehle huai pena last option in koih in exam gelh theih teng gelh suk leng hoih di hi, khatvei lohsap ahle lung ke pah kei leng mo.

Thil khat ka mangilh ngei hetlouh khat tuh Kerela te gov. office ah tampi na mudi uh chin ka teacher khat in hon gen a huai le officer lamdeuh ah ahi di uh hon chi a. A lohchin na ziak uh hon gen tuha mau loi hih sepna na neisa gov. a ten post a awng tak chiang amau loi kihilh pah un huai dia a lom alom a pangkhom un hucih ziak a hichi lohchin ahi uh hon chi a dik kholkei maithei hilehle eilam ate a tamzaw i hih theih di uh i theih louh ziak uh ahi diam khat vei2 honchi sak hi.Tulai daik bang houh PO cih bang post a lom a lom ahong hong suak in hoih deuh in training ahih keh ki zil sakna neithei leng kha nih kha thum khong special class la thei leng eilam a i graduate om seuh souh te uh hih ching lou tuan lou di uh hi.Mundang le va naih ngai lou a innlam ah start thei leng hoih di hi.

Hiai ka thil gente i MLA i neih te un hon ngaih ven le uh ut haui mah2 hi a ziak tuh mimal a hih zoh di ahi kei a gam leh nam ittak ahih uh leh hon panle uh a kam ua a gam it dan uh leh mi a awlmohdan uh a gen2 sang un.

By: Suan


www.zogam.com

Abortion: The heinous of all crimes and its consequences

By R. D. P. Angami

A man is logical and reasonable only when it suits his selfish purpose. A girl is always blinded by emotions and so long as these emotions are useful to a man, he's satisfied but when this emotion begins to touch the freedom of a man, then reason and logic is what a man seeks for. Is it logical for a man to ask the girl who carries her child to abort the child? Where is the logic in exposing a woman to mental, physical and the risk of never becoming a mother in the future, the risk of miscarriage, the emotional toll and mental illness, depression, regrets and a damaged self image? And what bout those persons who are left alone by their lover, spouse, friend to lick their own wounds?

If this story could touch a heart, change a life or change someone from taking a wrong decision then my write up won't be a waste of time and money. Specially those men who look down on woman and never understand their pain, men who use woman as sex objects and then when it comes to caring for them, leaves them in the lurch.

Kate glanced up, holding her breath in wonder as she walked inside a cold dark dirty room, which appeared out of nowhere. Dirt scattered round the air with force, sending dust particles around her face and shoulders, brushing against her skin. One sharp edge pricked her. Panicked she covered her abdomen trying to protect her baby, only to see blood all over her hands .the blades started dancing round her, stabbing her, cutting her, killing her .... no .... Kate woke up screaming with beads of perspiration on her face. She sat in the darkness gulping air, searching for the sharp edged blades but the shadows were empty. The only sounds she heard were the cries of insects…..angel guided her dreams no more for she had killed an angel. Her guilt makes her fight the shadows of the past, all alone. If she had her child she'd have had the strength to fight with the world, but all that she has are sinful secrets that haunts her dreams and life.

Kate was young and immature, not having much knowledge about man. What she went through and goes through is the plight of many girls. After living in with her lover, one day she found that she had conceived. Her feelings were a mixture of joy and pain. The feeling that she wasn't barren filled her with elation but she couldn't share her joy with anyone because she wasn't legally married. She also knew that her lover would never allow her to keep the child. She was very much in love with her lover and the feeling that their love had taken shape and was now growing within her made her feel protective of the child…..she realized that it does not take much for a mother to fall in love with her child. She wanted her baby.

Kate's lover didn't want the child though; he didn't want the child because it would scar his future. He had a future dream where she wasn't a part but Kate being naive never understood and loving him she'd never have done anything against his wishes, which meant sacrificing herself all the time. Being from a poor background all that she could give him was her love. The lover for his own reasons wanted her to abort their child. Given no choice she consented against her ethics, values, never knowing that her decision would change her life forever.

Prior to the appointed day for the abortion, she cried talking to her child, seeking forgiveness for what she was about to do. While her lover slept on unaware of her inner turmoil, she conversed silently to her child... If she kept her baby she would be accused of scheming and trapping her lover, and if she did as he demanded she would damn herself forever. She had a choice- to keep her child and lose her love. She had to choose between her lover whom she loved dearly and her baby who was so much a precious part of the man she loved... her mental debate lasted till the wee hours of the morning and as she drifted off to a troubled sleep, she dreamt of her child telling her" mother let me live, I want to live my life mother, let me live. Don't take away my life mother you will see, when you hold me in your arms, you'll fall in love with me.... "The child begged to let it live while her lover begged her to let it die.

In a cold filthy room Kate lay down to do away with the mo precious part of her being. Still as she laid there half naked she remained undecided... At the last minute she ran out of the operation room and pleaded to her love...."Please let me not do it..please lets keep the baby" but the lover coaxed to giving in to his heavy demand. She cried and cried, which took away all her strength... When she felt the first snip, she felt a prick in her heart, the pain so real a deep, she wished she could turn back the moment just a second and safe her baby and run far, far from her love and the doctors. She walked in the clinic with a gift and walked out empty... the emptiness gnawing at her inside-out.

Her mentality changed then. As her own guilt consumed her, she became aggressive, possessive and an angry young woman. Suicidal thoughts haunted her. Whenever she saw a baby, she held on to them trying to fill the emptiness.... whenever she saw a baby smiling up at her with innocent eyes, tears rolled down her face. As years roll by she would always feel the vacuum in her life. The dreams that other mothers built around their first child would never be hers.

She held on to her lover as her only reason for survival, but he left her. He was ashamed of Kate because she was plain and he felt suffocated that a poor plain girl loved him. He deserved someone better who could give him something better.

Her love for him couldn't rule the world. She wasn't the gir1 he wanted, as her wor1d was ruled by emotions while his was ruled by reason and logic. You are not my wife....You are forcing me to be your boyfriend... I don't need you anymore. I hate you and I don't care if you die... so he left her begging and crying in the streets, her tears meaning nothing to him.

I wanted to ask you guys... When you love a woman, what do you mean by I love you?? Does it mean I love you as long as you get down on your knees and serve me... does it mean I love you as long as I need you, as long as you have sex with me, as long as you are under me, or does it mean I love you just because you are you?

There are incidents in life that can scar the life of a person, wounds that dull with age but never heal... Killing the life of and innocent is a heinous crime. Babies are not accidents, when you love a person; the baby is a result of the love, intimacy and passion that you share together. When a man loves a woman, he will see the pain and laughter in the eyes of the woman he loves. When you really love a woman, you will see the unborn child in her eyes...Despite being strong a woman is helpless, and it's during the critical moments in her life that you stand by her and give her your support, just by being there instead of abandoning her. When a woman surrenders herself to a man she loves and if she conceives it is the most beautiful gift she is blessed with. And it also becomes the duty of the man to take responsibility of the mother and the child instead of accusing her.... With words that hurt her... I didn't rape you, I didn't force you to have sex with me the most ambitious, Proud, beautiful/ugly woman is still a woman ... She isn't thrash…She is a daughter, a sister, a wife, and a mother... She is a woman. Don't lead a girl on to love you if you can't give her your love. Don't expect love if you can't give love. Don't wait for the last minute to say, I don't love you, I don't want you ... It wounds the girl for a lifetime. Don't push a woman in the darkest pit where she can neither go backward to erase the past nor go forward because of you. Don't you be the reason her whole course of life changes. Don't you be the reason she forgets how to give love.

Don't you be the reason she cries. If you can't give her real commitment, real friendship, stay away till your heart learns the art of truly giving and receiving. Wait till your heart knows she's the one and then be a blessing to her instead of a curse. Wait for the one of whom you wouldn't be ashamed of showing off to the world. Wait for the one who is beautiful in your eyes, even if she is plain and ugly to the world. If the world sees her through your eyes they will see the beauty in her.

Young girls, never opt for abortion, because it will kill you in the end... the pain will always stay. It maybe an easy solution at the moment but the pain will always be yours till the end. In the long run you will regret...you will cry... but you will never be able to undo what you do today.

The pain and guilt will live with you for the rest of your life. Premarital sex is Pre-marital sex ix wrong but aborting your own baby is worse. Hurt, disgust, guilt, anger, regrets, and bitterness will be the only gifts that remain. Killing an innocent life is worst then murdering a person in full view of people present. The guilt will sit on your conscience forever.


www.sinlung.com

North East Support Centre and Helpline

North East Support Centre and Helpline were initiated at a meeting at the New Delhi YMCA on September 5, 2007. It will be launched at a larger meeting of major North East and Tribal groups, perhaps on September 22, 2007. The exact date and venue will be informed later.

The concept of the Centre took shape at encounters that Dr. John Dayal, Member of the National Integration Council, Government of India, National President of the All India Catholic Union [founded 1919] and Secretary General of the All India Christian Council, had with youth, specially young women from the North Eastern States, including Sikkim, in various Malls, Coffee shops and Restaurants and in the major universities and colleges in New Delhi and neighbouring cities. They had many problems, but a major issue was sexual harassment at the workplace and the street, a sense of loneliness and the apathy of the police and other authorities.

A deeper study has shown the vulnerability of a newer generation of youthful workers and students from the North East. The smaller number of youth who came in the Seventies to Nineties were of educated persons coming for Graduate and postgraduate studies and for jobs in senior positions. The new generation of young people includes many who are not even school graduates. They live as paying guests, in informal hostel situations and in far flung areas where they are lonely with no traditional support structure.

Looking at the recent incidents of attempt rape in auto rickshaws and taxis, sexual harassment in Gurgaon Mall and rape in 2005, a need of a support centre and helpline has felt among many of the north easterners.

With this concern, Dr. Dayal along with Mr. Sangtam - Former Congress MP from Nagaland and Rev. Madhu Chandra - Regional Secretary of All India Christian Council and National Secretary of All India Confederation of SC/ST Organizations --met Commissioner of the Delhi Police, Mr. YS Dadwal, IPS and briefed him and his officers on the harassment meted out to the north east young men and women

The initial response to suggestions for a Support Centre has been very positive. SMS messages to Rev. Chandra show the range of support from officials, youngsters and students from north east India, studying and working in Delhi and NCR.

A Preliminary Meeting was called at YMCA Tourist Hostel, New Delhi on September 5, 2007 at 5:30 PM by Dr. John Dayal and Rev Chandra. Mr. Anil Chamadia - Dalit activist and Journalist, Rev. Letlal Haokip, Associate Pastor of Kuki Worship Service, Delhi; Mr. Ambika Hongsha, Secretary Paul Mission India, Ms. Lansinglu Rongmei, Supreme Court Lawyer and Legal Secretary of All India Christian Council, Dr. Achan Mungleng, Coordinator of Euro-Burma Office, Dr. Alana Golme, Analyst of National Commission of Education Research Training, participated.

An Ad hoc committee was setup with Ms. Lansinglu as President, Rev. Letlal as Secretary, Mr. Ambika Hongsha as Treasurer, Rev. Madhu Chandra & Anil Chamadia as Media Secretaries and Dr. John Dayal as a patron tougher with invitee patrons from among Members of Parliament and senior professionals from the North East. The present ad hoc committee with membership open for representation from all north eastern states will function as the core group. They have been authorised to get the North East Support Centre and Help Line registered with the government.

The Aims and objectives of North East Support Centre and Helplines include providing proactive assistance to the North East India communities studying, working and living in Delhi and NCR. It will, of course, also help anyone who seeks assistance, particularly young Tribal women from Orissa, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh.

The new initiative was immediately extended full support by All India Catholic Union, United Christian Forum, All India Christian Council and All India Confederation of SC/ST Organizations.

To meet the immediate need at the time of crisis, new initiative will setup the helpline network in different zonal of Delhi and NCR.

North East Support Centre
New Delhi
Email: nesupportcentre@gmail.com
www.nesupportcentre.blogspot.com
9868184939

Languages Of India

India is the home of many languages. India is a vast country with lot of cultural and geographical diversities. There are a number of languages spoken in India. Some of these languages are accepted nationally while others are accepted as dialects of that particular region. The foreign intrusions have left an impact on the Indian local languages. English language, the legacy of the British rule in India, became the commonly used official language of India.

The eighth schedule of the Indian constitution recognizes 22 languages. All these languages have evolved from the great language families drawn from history. The major ones to make an influence are the Aryan and the Dravidian. They have influenced each other and have, in turn, been influenced by the Austeric and Sino-Tibetan tongues.

The Indian Constitution (Article 343) declares Hindi to be the official language of the Union. Hindi is also the mother tongue of about 20% of the Indian population in the area known as the 'Hindi-belt' or the 'cow-belt' of northern India. This includes the states of Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand/Uttaranchal, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Chhatisgarh and Rajasthan. Haryana and Himachal Pradesh also have Hindi as their official language. Like the other languages of the north, Hindi is of Indo-Aryan origin. But in south India, it's quite a different scene altogether. The Dravidian languages bear little resemblance to their Indic or Indo-Aryan counterparts.

English enjoys a special status and remains the additional official language of India. It is the authoritative legislative and judicial language. In fact, one could say that English is the official language of India for all practical purposes.

Apart from the more widely spoken English and Hindi, there are the various regional languages. Each state has its own language which is generally its official language. The 8th schedule of the Constitution of India lists 22 such regional languages.

Languages Of India

Assamese : A language of Assam that's spoken by nearly 60 percent of the State's population.

Bengali : An official language of West Bengal, now spoken by nearly 200 million people in West Bengal and in Bangladesh.

Bodo : Assam
Dogri - Jammu and Kashmir
Gujarati - It is the official language of Gujarat. 70 percent of the State's population speak Gujrathi but it the most spread language not only in India but also abroad.
Hindi - The official language of India, accent and dialect differs with different regions but almost every Indian has a working knowledge of Hindi. It is written in a Devanagiri script.
Kannada - A language of Karnataka and is spoken by 65 percent of the state's population. It belongs to the Dravidian family.
Kashmiri - Though the language is mistaken as a state language of Kashmir only 55 per cent of the state's population speak Kashmiri.
Konkani - Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra
Maithili - Bihar
Malayalam - The state language of Kerala. It is the youngest of all developed languages in the Dravidian family.
Manipuri/Meitei - Manipur
Marathi - An official language of Maharashtra. It has a fully developed literature of the modern type.
Nepali - Sikkim, West Bengal
Oriya - A branch of the Indo-Aryan family, is the official language of the State of Orissa.
Punjabi - The official language of the State of Punjab. It is written in Gurmukhi script, created by the Sikh Guru, Angad.
Sanskrit - The classical language of India that has lost it's value in the modern world. It is also one of the oldest languages in the world- perhaps the oldest to be recorded. All the ancient scripts are found to be written in the same language.
Santhali - Santhal tribals of the Chota Nagpur Plateau (comprising the states of Bihar, Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, Orissa)
Sindhi - Is spoken by a great number of people in the Northwest frontier of the Indian sub-continent comprising parts of India and Pakistan.
Tamil - The State language of Tamil Nadu. Tamil literature goes back to Centuries before the Christian era and is spoken by more than 73 million people. It belongs to the Dravidian language family.
Telugu - A language of Andhra Pradesh. It is numerically the biggest linguistic unit in India.
Urdu - The state language of Jammu and Kashmir and is spoken by more than 28 million people in India. Urdu and Hindi have proceeded from the same source. Urdu is written in the Persio - Arabic script and contains many words from the Persian language.