- Khai Minthang
Thupatna: November 03, 2008 ni'a ka blog a Nangpi thugel, "U Khai, Burma lam i minam ZO teng tawh kizop nate hinghoi to nang in, i kipum khat thei nang in, PUZO Site ading Article te hing at tam to leh" ka ngaisut chiengin ka lungsim sungah thu-le-laa phabepkhat ang kikaikhawm dendun hi.
Ka ngaisutna masapen ahileh eite khu luipi pangkhat tuoh a khosa, khatlang leh khatlang kikawmtuo theina diing lah gunkuong bawl theilou, lei zong daw theilou, hilezong gunkuong khat umleh luigal khatlang a haw diinga mansa, lei kidaw leh azui diinga mansa chidan a um hilei kilawm kasa hi. Ka ngaidan in gunkuong sui diing khutsiemte kisam, lei bawl diing engineer-te kisam ahimaw chi ngaidan ang pie hi. Tua kang kisahna pen gunkuong sui diinga kithawi hilou leh lei bawl diinga kithawi hilou in English te chidan phuat hileh "Blue Print or Master Plan" themkhat hing kupsawm kahizaw hi. Kei geldan leh ngaidan maimaite tawh kipat diing hisam lou in Zou vontawite'n i siemnate uh i gawmkhawm zou chieng ua i geelna (planning) uh isep diing uh ahi nabou hi. India langa Zou vontawi 22,000 tuom umte leh Burma langa Zo vontawi 61,000 tuom umte kigawm lei 83,000 tuom ipha uhi.
Kitheichetna leh Nam Iitna:
Tanglai a laphuotu khat in tambang in ana phuo hi: "Eiteng khawlkhawm, atuom umlou, vannuoi chipeu Khul a pieng, Tuunsung khat pan pieng hi ngei ngei ee. Tuunsung khat pan pieng hi ngei ngei ee,Suopi sanggam laigui zawngkhawm hi ngei ngei ee" ana chi hi. Tam pen i suutpi uh ahi zing diing ahi. Tami tah tenga key word a mutheite ahileh - Khul, Tuunsung khat leh Laigui zawngkhawm chite ahi uhi. India, Burma leh mun dang dang ah khosa in um lei zong i "Tuunsung khat leh laigui zawngkhawm" ihina in ang gawm zing diing ahia, ihina uleh inam uh ithei zing diing uh ahi hi. Khatteng in namdangte leh mituomte tawh i umkhawm chiengun i Zou hina uh i mangsah dihdih zeel ua, tuapen adih sih hi.
Tualeh Zou nam iitna hilchetna (definition) uh etphathuoi kasahna khat aum hi. Nam a diinga shi ngamna khu nam iitna danin ila ua, nam a diinga hing lou a shi mai diing khu iitna thupi in ila uhi. Adihna themkhat vang um nanleh dihkim kasa sih hi. I nampi'n i shisan uh adeipen hilou in i damsung ua i silbawlte uleh i nasepte uh adeizaw hi. Zou vontawi kichi khat phot ahun dungzui a shi diinga kipumpieh ngam (volunteer at the call of duty) ihi uhi. Hilezong Zou vontawite galneilou leh huhamloute ihi zieh un i nampi a diinga shi sangin i nampi a diinga hintheina khu a poimawzaw tham a, khantouna tawh zong a kinai mama hi. Nampi iit tahtah ihileh i teenkhawmpi Zou vontawite mama iitpai in annkhing tuibuuh kikhol in, nopni-daani in kinoppi-kidaapi in, panpi ngaite panpi lei nam iitna suhlatna ahizaw tham hi. Tulai in tami rhetoric pen a kihazah mama a, Zogam itt in Zomite iitlou, UZO iit in UZO mi-le-sate iitlou chite atamta hi.
Ngaina leh Tawndan Kepbitna:
Heisung heisungah um leizong i ngaina uleh i tawndante uh i lungsim sung ua i mansah lou diing uh ahia, i tu-le-tate khang bana ahing khang sawnsawn diingte muthei diing leh theithei diinga laibu a bawl a, kam a zong genthaw a, zahthei ahina zousie a atamthei pen a zah diing ahoi hi. Custom leh moral culture ineite uh theisiem a, kepbit diing ahoi hi. I custom uh khu danbu (constitution) ahia, ahun ahun a siemphatna (amendment) bawl zelzel diing ahi hi. Tami custom khu heimun heimun ah umta lei zong agam leh khantouna tawh kituoh a siemphatna bulpite'n abawl dungzui ua zah chiet diing ahi hi. Tam pen Zou ihina i lahsahna (demonstration) thupipen ahi hi. Zou sihsan a pieng hi-ngal a Zou custom zangloute khu mimangthangte ahi uhi. I pienpi shisan khu i nam hina uh ahia, i custom uh khu i hina uh lahsahna ahi hi.
Culture ichi chiengin tami china chet/lien ahi chithei aum sih hi. Culture pen kikhin kawikawi, ahun ahun a deidan leh peidan genna in akizang zaw hi. Khanglui lai in tangvalte khu "Haam" ah ana gieh ua, tua khu "Haam culture" zong chithei ahipai a, nungah leh tangvalte a kihel chieng ua nungahte'n a tangvalte uh sam atumsah uleh azu-asa alup zousie uzong tuahun laia (Contemporary) diinga "Romantic (classical) culture" a kichithei kia veve hi. Tuhun chiengin thau tawi a thau thahatna tawh mite soisa, sum ngen, etc. chite khu "Gun culture" a kichi kia veve hi. Tuaziehin, culture ichi penin mong aneisih china ahimai hi. Moral culture ichi chiengun "Sielephatheina a tawndan" chilei a kituoh pen diingin ka gingta a, a lelang ah "Umdanhoi leh umdanhoiloute tawndan" chilei zong ahithei kawikawi hi.
Khangluite apat a inga/luosawn pen uh moral tradition chilei adih kia diing hi. Moral tradition tawh kisai in Zou vontawite'n kepbit diing tampi inei uhi. Khangluite apat a ina luosawn uh (moral tradition) - Gamtat-khoheidan kilawm, ham-le-paudan kilawm, Lungsim putdan kilawm, Hawmsiemdan leh tha-le-zung piehdan kilawm chite i Zou community sungah a mangthang hiei-hieita hi. Upate zatatna chite, Nu-le-pa zatatna leh thumanna chite, Meithai-taga panpina chite, Zin-le-leeng idou siemna chite, Sa tuituoh-nga tuituoh inei nia insah innhang ahiei i-u-inau kikhol chite khu moral tradition ahi uhi. Tam banga moral tradition ineisa uh mangthangsah lou a hoitah zahsiem diing khu Zou nampi gilkielna ahia, Zou vontawite a diinga hin ngamna kachi pen ahi hi.
Laimal Sangin Hamzah leh Laigeldan Poimawzaw:
Kei ngaidan in Zo leh Zou ah bangma buoina aum in kathei sih a, gamkuom khat in spelling a zahdan hizaw in kathei hi. India langate'n ZOU chia a kigel vangun Hindi-te china ahisih a, English-te china zong ahi dieh sih a, Arab-te china zong ahidieh sih hi. Tuama bangin Burma langate'n ZO chia agel vangun Japan-te china ahisih a, Korea-te china zong ahisam sih a, British-te china zong ahituomsih hi. Tuaziehin, ZO ichi ua, ZOU ichi zong un, "Eiteng khawlkhawm, atuom umlou, vannuoi chipeu Khul a pieng, Tuunsung khat pan pieng hi ngei ngei ee. Tuunsung khat pan pieng hi ngei ngei ee, Suopi sanggam laigui zawngkhawm hi ngei ngei ee" te china ahi veve hi. Tami pen "dihsih-dihmah" chia ibuoi laisie i maban kisem theilou diing abang hi. Eh, kisem theilou diing bang hi maimai lou in kisem theilou tahtah diing ahi hi. "O" ahiei "OU" in Zou hina khensat hilou in i laigui in i Zou hina a khensat ahizaw hi. Zou laigui aw nahi a, Zou shisan a pieng nahileh "O" leh "OU" zang in zang sih lechin zong na na suon-le-haah suina chii (DNA) khu ZOU or ZO ahi veve hi. "O" leh "OU" zat leh zatlou zieh a ZOU hina mang diing chipen pasal khat in toka pawl ateen zieh ahiei, numei khat in niih san penpom khat a teen zieh a Zo/Zou ahina apat a nawsuoh diing tawh kibang kasa lel hi.
Tuasanga thupizaw ahileh hamzahdan ahi in kamu hi. India langa Zoham dihloute - Politics (Kumpivai/politics), Kaam (sepna/job), chalak (zuou/lie), Gohori (???/Watch), Rel (Meileng/Train), Post Office (Laihah inn/zum), etc. chite ahi hi. Burma langa Zoham dihloute ahileh Nainganyi (Kumpivai/Politics), Batayi (Biehnavai/Religion), Padenpauh (Tollet/window), Tapidaw (Gingtute/believers), Senpi (Hoi/Good or OK), Sai (Vanzuahna/Store), etc. chite ahi hi. Zou chiet chiet ihi vangin India leh Burma langate i houlim chiengun hamzah kithei zoulou atamta mama hi. India langate'n, "Burma langate'n Kawlham (Burmese) tawh mehpawl siengta" uh ichi ua, Burma langate'n lah, "India langate'n Kalaham (Hindi) tawh mehpawl siengta" ang chi veve uhi. Tamdan hi zengzung ahia, hoitah leh standard wording or vocabulary inei uh a kisam mamata hi. Tami thu i buoipi sih uleh tu'n chikhat namkhat hi in, laigui zawngkhawm hinanlei khatvei chieng in i houlim thei nawnsih diing uh abahna khat um kasa hi. Tuaziehin, spelling vai in buoibuoi nawnlou in ihamte uh sawpsieng/seepchiil phot pouma lei hoiva chi khu ka ngaidan ahi hi.
Centralized Zou Literature Society:
Centralized Zou Literature Society nei in i spelling zahdan tawh laibu sun lei India langa Zou hiin Burma langa Zo hitaleh isimthei chiet diingun ka gingta hi. Aziehpen i buoina uh alphabet (laimal) O/OU leh C/CH ahia, dipthong (vowel ni kigawm) IA/IE leh UA/UO ahi hi. Tamte pen theila diing aum sih a, i kitheisah nuomsih uh chi manthu ahilel hi. "Zo" chilei zong isimthei ua, "Zou" chilei zong isimthei veve ua, a khietna (meaning) zong itheimaw sih uhi. "Siengthou" chi'n "siangthou" chilei zong a isimthei ban uah a khietna (meaning) khu "clean/holy" china ahi chi theimaw diing aum tuonsih hi. Tuasanga isimthei vang ua a khietna itheilou diing uh India langate'n Kaam, Chalak, Rel, etc. chite leh Burma langate'n Nainganyi, Batayi, Lumuhyi, Sai, Senpi, etc. chite ahizaw hi. Tuaziehin, laibu bawltu in a spelling deidan pen azah a, laikhetna/laisutna khawlpi a sut a, India leh Burma a Zou vontawite umna zousie a hawmzah leh zah diing hileh guolnua-guolma ipha theizaw diing uhi. Alphabet, vowel leh consonant izahdan a i buoinate pen Centralized Zou Literature Society a diinga buoipi nina (stage two) diing ahia, buoipi diing khatna a buoi masalou a anina a buoite khu lou vat nailou a taangbuuh/annbuuh bawl masate tawh kibang kasa hi. I taangbuuh let leh neu dana i lou i let leh nau sah diing hilou in i lou a ann laahdan dungzui a i taangbuuh i bawl diing ahizaw hi.
Zou Laigeldan Dih:
Laigeldan dih i poimaw mama uhi. Gelthei hitana chia thuteng khat (one word) khat pen a lawdan (syllable) a thuteng khat khat a gel zong adih sih a, thuteng ni-le-thum gawmkhawm zengzung zong adih dieh sih hi. Etsahna: "Siengthou" chi khu "Holy" china ahia, adjective (Noun hilchientu) ahi hi. "Sienthouna" khu "Holiness" china ahia, noun ahi hi. "Sieng thou" chia gel diing ahisih a, "Sien thou na" chia gel diing zong ahi dieh sih hi. Adjective a "Holy" chia kigiel pen noun ang hi chiengin "Holiness" chi'n "y" tangin "i" in ang kihengta hi. Tuamabangin Zoham ah zong "Siengthou" khu "Siengthouna" hilou in "Sienthouna" chi'n ang kigielta hi. Parts of speech in i spelling zahdan a heng lamdang tuom mama hi. Etsahna: "Khuo" chi pen "Khuopi" chi'n a kigiel nawnsih hi. English a "village" leh "city" chia thumal tuomtuom a kikhen vangin Zoham ah "Khopi" khu adjective "pi" ziehin nuon ang suoh theina diingin "Khopi" chi'n a kigiel hi. Tualeh ham nupa (word paring) zahdan ah i khiel mun mama uhi. Etsahna: "Nu-le-pa" khu "Parent" ahia, "Nu leh Pa" khu "Mother and Father" or "Father and mother" china ahi hi. "Khuo-le-tui" khu "Villager" ahia, "Khuo leh tui" khu "village and water" china ahizel hi. Tuaziehin ham nupa zahdan ah zong pilvan angai mama hi. Tualeh, ahunlou-ahailou a punctuation mark te zong zah zengzung diing zong ahisih hi.
Tualeh, English-te'n aneilou uh Zokam a i hausatna mama khat uh aum hi. Tuate khu adjective or adverb hilchientu ahi uhi. Englsih-te'n noun leh verb hilchientu (adjective and adverb) chilou adang anei sih ua, eite'n verb leh noun hilchientu banah adverb leh adjective hilchientu zong inei nalai uhi. Tam pen Zokam thupina (Zokam special) ahi hi. Etsahna: "Siengthou" chi khu English ah "Holy" china ahia, adjective ahi hi. Adjective khu noun khat tawh hing kizawh hamtang diing ahia, "Holy Land" (Gam siengthou) china ahia, Holy (adj.) + Land (noun) ahi hi. Zokam in gen uong nalai diing chilei adjective hilchientu khat "Sitset" chi zang talei Zokam ah adih nalai a, "Gam Siengthou" chi sang bangin "Gam Siengthou sitset" chilei agen ut pen kilawmtah leh nasetah in a genchieng zaw tham tham hi. Tuaziehin, sitset, singseng, siasua, zengzung, lialua, pempawm, kelkul, em-awm, the-thu, hiauhuau, lihleh, chitchet, ngia-ngua, helhul, etc. chite khu izahdan dungzui a adverb leh adjective hilchientu ahi nalai a, ham dangte'n ahau lou or anei lou uh Zokam special ahimai hi. Tambanga adverb leh adjective hilchiente igel chiengun ahitheitan in kimat a gel diing ahia, a sim hamsate hyphen khat koi lei asim anuom mai diing hi. Zou laigeldan dih pen ka buoipi laitah ahia, tamtengah a unpi'n ata zou sih diinga, tamtan i chiphot diing uhi.
Thuzawna:
English-te'n a spelling uah kitheisiemlouna nei uleh tuni'n English ham khu leitung pumpi'n azah diing ka gingta sih hi. Aziehpen, English ham khu leitung pumpia a kithei vangin ham kizang tampen khu Chinese-te ham "Mandarin" ana hi laizang hi. English khu a kizang tampen ahilou vangin a kithei tampen ana hikia veve hi. United Kingdom-te'n "Colour" chia agel zieh ua a spelling dih ahipai sih a, United States te'n "Color" chia agel vangun a koima'n, "Nou US te spelling zahdan dih sih, English ham hisih" achi tuonsih uhi. India a Zou vontawite leh Burma a Zo vontawite kigawmtheina leh sepkhawm thei masapen diing khu Zou Literature Society (shall I say Centralized Zou Literature Society?) in kamu hi. Spelling a i buoi zing leh koima a ngiem nuom sih diinga "Chithah nupate tangthu" kigente bangin a sangzaw kitu in vanthamzawl ah i mangtang giap diing uhi. I Lai Siengthoute, Laabute, Sunday school simmunte, news and journal-te, magazine leh souvenir-te, sangnaupangte laibute, etc. i bawlkhawm ua i gelkhawm uh ahunta hi. India langa Zou vontawi 22,000 tuom umte leh Burma langa Zo vontawi 61,000 tuom umte kigawm lei 83,000 tuom ipha uhi. Munkhat a i teenkhawm theilou vangun laibu khat tawikhawm theilei i laibu bawlna leh zuahna zong ang phatuom mama diinga, lailam ah zong khantouna leh masawnna inei mama nalai diing hi. Tambangin pankhawm theina diing lampi khat hing kihong masa photphot leh aban a diingte'n aban-banin ang zui mai diing uhi. Kigawm leh pankhawm theina diinga step khatna diingin literature leh mass media (thu leh laa kipiehtuona) sanga thaneizaw leh silbawltheizaw tutadi in ka mu naisih hi. I kaal ua tuipi um pen kaantan theina diing lei kidaw leh vaikhat maimai a luigaal kanna a zah diing hilou in vai tampi bawlna diinga zahthei ahing hita diing hi. Pankhawmna diing atam mama hi. Sum-le-paai a pankhawmna diingte, chi-le-nam vai a pankhawmna diingte, gal-le-sa nei chienga pankhawmna diingte khu aban-bana hing umtou thei diingte ahi uhi. Tamte kamu chiengin ka lungdam mama a, i kigawm ua, tuibanga i luonkhawm hun diinguh ka ngahla mama hi.
Ref:
1. http://www.krysstal.com/spoken.html
2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zou_people_(India)
Source: ZOU VONTAWI THAIKAWI
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Thupatna: November 03, 2008 ni'a ka blog a Nangpi thugel, "U Khai, Burma lam i minam ZO teng tawh kizop nate hinghoi to nang in, i kipum khat thei nang in, PUZO Site ading Article te hing at tam to leh" ka ngaisut chiengin ka lungsim sungah thu-le-laa phabepkhat ang kikaikhawm dendun hi.
Ka ngaisutna masapen ahileh eite khu luipi pangkhat tuoh a khosa, khatlang leh khatlang kikawmtuo theina diing lah gunkuong bawl theilou, lei zong daw theilou, hilezong gunkuong khat umleh luigal khatlang a haw diinga mansa, lei kidaw leh azui diinga mansa chidan a um hilei kilawm kasa hi. Ka ngaidan in gunkuong sui diing khutsiemte kisam, lei bawl diing engineer-te kisam ahimaw chi ngaidan ang pie hi. Tua kang kisahna pen gunkuong sui diinga kithawi hilou leh lei bawl diinga kithawi hilou in English te chidan phuat hileh "Blue Print or Master Plan" themkhat hing kupsawm kahizaw hi. Kei geldan leh ngaidan maimaite tawh kipat diing hisam lou in Zou vontawite'n i siemnate uh i gawmkhawm zou chieng ua i geelna (planning) uh isep diing uh ahi nabou hi. India langa Zou vontawi 22,000 tuom umte leh Burma langa Zo vontawi 61,000 tuom umte kigawm lei 83,000 tuom ipha uhi.
Kitheichetna leh Nam Iitna:
Tanglai a laphuotu khat in tambang in ana phuo hi: "Eiteng khawlkhawm, atuom umlou, vannuoi chipeu Khul a pieng, Tuunsung khat pan pieng hi ngei ngei ee. Tuunsung khat pan pieng hi ngei ngei ee,Suopi sanggam laigui zawngkhawm hi ngei ngei ee" ana chi hi. Tam pen i suutpi uh ahi zing diing ahi. Tami tah tenga key word a mutheite ahileh - Khul, Tuunsung khat leh Laigui zawngkhawm chite ahi uhi. India, Burma leh mun dang dang ah khosa in um lei zong i "Tuunsung khat leh laigui zawngkhawm" ihina in ang gawm zing diing ahia, ihina uleh inam uh ithei zing diing uh ahi hi. Khatteng in namdangte leh mituomte tawh i umkhawm chiengun i Zou hina uh i mangsah dihdih zeel ua, tuapen adih sih hi.
Tualeh Zou nam iitna hilchetna (definition) uh etphathuoi kasahna khat aum hi. Nam a diinga shi ngamna khu nam iitna danin ila ua, nam a diinga hing lou a shi mai diing khu iitna thupi in ila uhi. Adihna themkhat vang um nanleh dihkim kasa sih hi. I nampi'n i shisan uh adeipen hilou in i damsung ua i silbawlte uleh i nasepte uh adeizaw hi. Zou vontawi kichi khat phot ahun dungzui a shi diinga kipumpieh ngam (volunteer at the call of duty) ihi uhi. Hilezong Zou vontawite galneilou leh huhamloute ihi zieh un i nampi a diinga shi sangin i nampi a diinga hintheina khu a poimawzaw tham a, khantouna tawh zong a kinai mama hi. Nampi iit tahtah ihileh i teenkhawmpi Zou vontawite mama iitpai in annkhing tuibuuh kikhol in, nopni-daani in kinoppi-kidaapi in, panpi ngaite panpi lei nam iitna suhlatna ahizaw tham hi. Tulai in tami rhetoric pen a kihazah mama a, Zogam itt in Zomite iitlou, UZO iit in UZO mi-le-sate iitlou chite atamta hi.
Ngaina leh Tawndan Kepbitna:
Heisung heisungah um leizong i ngaina uleh i tawndante uh i lungsim sung ua i mansah lou diing uh ahia, i tu-le-tate khang bana ahing khang sawnsawn diingte muthei diing leh theithei diinga laibu a bawl a, kam a zong genthaw a, zahthei ahina zousie a atamthei pen a zah diing ahoi hi. Custom leh moral culture ineite uh theisiem a, kepbit diing ahoi hi. I custom uh khu danbu (constitution) ahia, ahun ahun a siemphatna (amendment) bawl zelzel diing ahi hi. Tami custom khu heimun heimun ah umta lei zong agam leh khantouna tawh kituoh a siemphatna bulpite'n abawl dungzui ua zah chiet diing ahi hi. Tam pen Zou ihina i lahsahna (demonstration) thupipen ahi hi. Zou sihsan a pieng hi-ngal a Zou custom zangloute khu mimangthangte ahi uhi. I pienpi shisan khu i nam hina uh ahia, i custom uh khu i hina uh lahsahna ahi hi.
Culture ichi chiengin tami china chet/lien ahi chithei aum sih hi. Culture pen kikhin kawikawi, ahun ahun a deidan leh peidan genna in akizang zaw hi. Khanglui lai in tangvalte khu "Haam" ah ana gieh ua, tua khu "Haam culture" zong chithei ahipai a, nungah leh tangvalte a kihel chieng ua nungahte'n a tangvalte uh sam atumsah uleh azu-asa alup zousie uzong tuahun laia (Contemporary) diinga "Romantic (classical) culture" a kichithei kia veve hi. Tuhun chiengin thau tawi a thau thahatna tawh mite soisa, sum ngen, etc. chite khu "Gun culture" a kichi kia veve hi. Tuaziehin, culture ichi penin mong aneisih china ahimai hi. Moral culture ichi chiengun "Sielephatheina a tawndan" chilei a kituoh pen diingin ka gingta a, a lelang ah "Umdanhoi leh umdanhoiloute tawndan" chilei zong ahithei kawikawi hi.
Khangluite apat a inga/luosawn pen uh moral tradition chilei adih kia diing hi. Moral tradition tawh kisai in Zou vontawite'n kepbit diing tampi inei uhi. Khangluite apat a ina luosawn uh (moral tradition) - Gamtat-khoheidan kilawm, ham-le-paudan kilawm, Lungsim putdan kilawm, Hawmsiemdan leh tha-le-zung piehdan kilawm chite i Zou community sungah a mangthang hiei-hieita hi. Upate zatatna chite, Nu-le-pa zatatna leh thumanna chite, Meithai-taga panpina chite, Zin-le-leeng idou siemna chite, Sa tuituoh-nga tuituoh inei nia insah innhang ahiei i-u-inau kikhol chite khu moral tradition ahi uhi. Tam banga moral tradition ineisa uh mangthangsah lou a hoitah zahsiem diing khu Zou nampi gilkielna ahia, Zou vontawite a diinga hin ngamna kachi pen ahi hi.
Laimal Sangin Hamzah leh Laigeldan Poimawzaw:
Kei ngaidan in Zo leh Zou ah bangma buoina aum in kathei sih a, gamkuom khat in spelling a zahdan hizaw in kathei hi. India langate'n ZOU chia a kigel vangun Hindi-te china ahisih a, English-te china zong ahi dieh sih a, Arab-te china zong ahidieh sih hi. Tuama bangin Burma langate'n ZO chia agel vangun Japan-te china ahisih a, Korea-te china zong ahisam sih a, British-te china zong ahituomsih hi. Tuaziehin, ZO ichi ua, ZOU ichi zong un, "Eiteng khawlkhawm, atuom umlou, vannuoi chipeu Khul a pieng, Tuunsung khat pan pieng hi ngei ngei ee. Tuunsung khat pan pieng hi ngei ngei ee, Suopi sanggam laigui zawngkhawm hi ngei ngei ee" te china ahi veve hi. Tami pen "dihsih-dihmah" chia ibuoi laisie i maban kisem theilou diing abang hi. Eh, kisem theilou diing bang hi maimai lou in kisem theilou tahtah diing ahi hi. "O" ahiei "OU" in Zou hina khensat hilou in i laigui in i Zou hina a khensat ahizaw hi. Zou laigui aw nahi a, Zou shisan a pieng nahileh "O" leh "OU" zang in zang sih lechin zong na na suon-le-haah suina chii (DNA) khu ZOU or ZO ahi veve hi. "O" leh "OU" zat leh zatlou zieh a ZOU hina mang diing chipen pasal khat in toka pawl ateen zieh ahiei, numei khat in niih san penpom khat a teen zieh a Zo/Zou ahina apat a nawsuoh diing tawh kibang kasa lel hi.
Tuasanga thupizaw ahileh hamzahdan ahi in kamu hi. India langa Zoham dihloute - Politics (Kumpivai/politics), Kaam (sepna/job), chalak (zuou/lie), Gohori (???/Watch), Rel (Meileng/Train), Post Office (Laihah inn/zum), etc. chite ahi hi. Burma langa Zoham dihloute ahileh Nainganyi (Kumpivai/Politics), Batayi (Biehnavai/Religion), Padenpauh (Tollet/window), Tapidaw (Gingtute/believers), Senpi (Hoi/Good or OK), Sai (Vanzuahna/Store), etc. chite ahi hi. Zou chiet chiet ihi vangin India leh Burma langate i houlim chiengun hamzah kithei zoulou atamta mama hi. India langate'n, "Burma langate'n Kawlham (Burmese) tawh mehpawl siengta" uh ichi ua, Burma langate'n lah, "India langate'n Kalaham (Hindi) tawh mehpawl siengta" ang chi veve uhi. Tamdan hi zengzung ahia, hoitah leh standard wording or vocabulary inei uh a kisam mamata hi. Tami thu i buoipi sih uleh tu'n chikhat namkhat hi in, laigui zawngkhawm hinanlei khatvei chieng in i houlim thei nawnsih diing uh abahna khat um kasa hi. Tuaziehin, spelling vai in buoibuoi nawnlou in ihamte uh sawpsieng/seepchiil phot pouma lei hoiva chi khu ka ngaidan ahi hi.
Centralized Zou Literature Society:
Centralized Zou Literature Society nei in i spelling zahdan tawh laibu sun lei India langa Zou hiin Burma langa Zo hitaleh isimthei chiet diingun ka gingta hi. Aziehpen i buoina uh alphabet (laimal) O/OU leh C/CH ahia, dipthong (vowel ni kigawm) IA/IE leh UA/UO ahi hi. Tamte pen theila diing aum sih a, i kitheisah nuomsih uh chi manthu ahilel hi. "Zo" chilei zong isimthei ua, "Zou" chilei zong isimthei veve ua, a khietna (meaning) zong itheimaw sih uhi. "Siengthou" chi'n "siangthou" chilei zong a isimthei ban uah a khietna (meaning) khu "clean/holy" china ahi chi theimaw diing aum tuonsih hi. Tuasanga isimthei vang ua a khietna itheilou diing uh India langate'n Kaam, Chalak, Rel, etc. chite leh Burma langate'n Nainganyi, Batayi, Lumuhyi, Sai, Senpi, etc. chite ahizaw hi. Tuaziehin, laibu bawltu in a spelling deidan pen azah a, laikhetna/laisutna khawlpi a sut a, India leh Burma a Zou vontawite umna zousie a hawmzah leh zah diing hileh guolnua-guolma ipha theizaw diing uhi. Alphabet, vowel leh consonant izahdan a i buoinate pen Centralized Zou Literature Society a diinga buoipi nina (stage two) diing ahia, buoipi diing khatna a buoi masalou a anina a buoite khu lou vat nailou a taangbuuh/annbuuh bawl masate tawh kibang kasa hi. I taangbuuh let leh neu dana i lou i let leh nau sah diing hilou in i lou a ann laahdan dungzui a i taangbuuh i bawl diing ahizaw hi.
Zou Laigeldan Dih:
Laigeldan dih i poimaw mama uhi. Gelthei hitana chia thuteng khat (one word) khat pen a lawdan (syllable) a thuteng khat khat a gel zong adih sih a, thuteng ni-le-thum gawmkhawm zengzung zong adih dieh sih hi. Etsahna: "Siengthou" chi khu "Holy" china ahia, adjective (Noun hilchientu) ahi hi. "Sienthouna" khu "Holiness" china ahia, noun ahi hi. "Sieng thou" chia gel diing ahisih a, "Sien thou na" chia gel diing zong ahi dieh sih hi. Adjective a "Holy" chia kigiel pen noun ang hi chiengin "Holiness" chi'n "y" tangin "i" in ang kihengta hi. Tuamabangin Zoham ah zong "Siengthou" khu "Siengthouna" hilou in "Sienthouna" chi'n ang kigielta hi. Parts of speech in i spelling zahdan a heng lamdang tuom mama hi. Etsahna: "Khuo" chi pen "Khuopi" chi'n a kigiel nawnsih hi. English a "village" leh "city" chia thumal tuomtuom a kikhen vangin Zoham ah "Khopi" khu adjective "pi" ziehin nuon ang suoh theina diingin "Khopi" chi'n a kigiel hi. Tualeh ham nupa (word paring) zahdan ah i khiel mun mama uhi. Etsahna: "Nu-le-pa" khu "Parent" ahia, "Nu leh Pa" khu "Mother and Father" or "Father and mother" china ahi hi. "Khuo-le-tui" khu "Villager" ahia, "Khuo leh tui" khu "village and water" china ahizel hi. Tuaziehin ham nupa zahdan ah zong pilvan angai mama hi. Tualeh, ahunlou-ahailou a punctuation mark te zong zah zengzung diing zong ahisih hi.
Tualeh, English-te'n aneilou uh Zokam a i hausatna mama khat uh aum hi. Tuate khu adjective or adverb hilchientu ahi uhi. Englsih-te'n noun leh verb hilchientu (adjective and adverb) chilou adang anei sih ua, eite'n verb leh noun hilchientu banah adverb leh adjective hilchientu zong inei nalai uhi. Tam pen Zokam thupina (Zokam special) ahi hi. Etsahna: "Siengthou" chi khu English ah "Holy" china ahia, adjective ahi hi. Adjective khu noun khat tawh hing kizawh hamtang diing ahia, "Holy Land" (Gam siengthou) china ahia, Holy (adj.) + Land (noun) ahi hi. Zokam in gen uong nalai diing chilei adjective hilchientu khat "Sitset" chi zang talei Zokam ah adih nalai a, "Gam Siengthou" chi sang bangin "Gam Siengthou sitset" chilei agen ut pen kilawmtah leh nasetah in a genchieng zaw tham tham hi. Tuaziehin, sitset, singseng, siasua, zengzung, lialua, pempawm, kelkul, em-awm, the-thu, hiauhuau, lihleh, chitchet, ngia-ngua, helhul, etc. chite khu izahdan dungzui a adverb leh adjective hilchientu ahi nalai a, ham dangte'n ahau lou or anei lou uh Zokam special ahimai hi. Tambanga adverb leh adjective hilchiente igel chiengun ahitheitan in kimat a gel diing ahia, a sim hamsate hyphen khat koi lei asim anuom mai diing hi. Zou laigeldan dih pen ka buoipi laitah ahia, tamtengah a unpi'n ata zou sih diinga, tamtan i chiphot diing uhi.
Thuzawna:
English-te'n a spelling uah kitheisiemlouna nei uleh tuni'n English ham khu leitung pumpi'n azah diing ka gingta sih hi. Aziehpen, English ham khu leitung pumpia a kithei vangin ham kizang tampen khu Chinese-te ham "Mandarin" ana hi laizang hi. English khu a kizang tampen ahilou vangin a kithei tampen ana hikia veve hi. United Kingdom-te'n "Colour" chia agel zieh ua a spelling dih ahipai sih a, United States te'n "Color" chia agel vangun a koima'n, "Nou US te spelling zahdan dih sih, English ham hisih" achi tuonsih uhi. India a Zou vontawite leh Burma a Zo vontawite kigawmtheina leh sepkhawm thei masapen diing khu Zou Literature Society (shall I say Centralized Zou Literature Society?) in kamu hi. Spelling a i buoi zing leh koima a ngiem nuom sih diinga "Chithah nupate tangthu" kigente bangin a sangzaw kitu in vanthamzawl ah i mangtang giap diing uhi. I Lai Siengthoute, Laabute, Sunday school simmunte, news and journal-te, magazine leh souvenir-te, sangnaupangte laibute, etc. i bawlkhawm ua i gelkhawm uh ahunta hi. India langa Zou vontawi 22,000 tuom umte leh Burma langa Zo vontawi 61,000 tuom umte kigawm lei 83,000 tuom ipha uhi. Munkhat a i teenkhawm theilou vangun laibu khat tawikhawm theilei i laibu bawlna leh zuahna zong ang phatuom mama diinga, lailam ah zong khantouna leh masawnna inei mama nalai diing hi. Tambangin pankhawm theina diing lampi khat hing kihong masa photphot leh aban a diingte'n aban-banin ang zui mai diing uhi. Kigawm leh pankhawm theina diinga step khatna diingin literature leh mass media (thu leh laa kipiehtuona) sanga thaneizaw leh silbawltheizaw tutadi in ka mu naisih hi. I kaal ua tuipi um pen kaantan theina diing lei kidaw leh vaikhat maimai a luigaal kanna a zah diing hilou in vai tampi bawlna diinga zahthei ahing hita diing hi. Pankhawmna diing atam mama hi. Sum-le-paai a pankhawmna diingte, chi-le-nam vai a pankhawmna diingte, gal-le-sa nei chienga pankhawmna diingte khu aban-bana hing umtou thei diingte ahi uhi. Tamte kamu chiengin ka lungdam mama a, i kigawm ua, tuibanga i luonkhawm hun diinguh ka ngahla mama hi.
Ref:
1. http://www.krysstal.com/spoken.html
2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zou_people_(India)
Source: ZOU VONTAWI THAIKAWI
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Issue poimawpi khat nang raise a, hoi veve, Zou sangin Zo record tamzaw in ka thei hi.
ReplyDeleteKul leh poimawna chin ah, Hamteng/kammalte i borrow(kawm) dinguh ahi.
Tam laigieldan Hyphen - va zah gige pen ei leh ei kisugim maimai i hi uhhi, nu leh pa=parent=father and mother, as simple as that, why do we burden ourselves by putting meaningless Hyphen -. It does not simplify instead it burdens one's writings. I am totally against putting Hyphen in between compound/pairs nouns.
MK
Ka min Mangkang ahi. Anynomous a ka'ng lut, password ka mangngil ziehin.
ReplyDeleteZo leh Zou bangchih hun a, koi na khenkeh ?
Theinuomhuoi sih amah? Kei'a dingin tate gel pen a kikim, a kibang veve ahihi.
Keima na ngaisut dan in Zo leh Zou pen akibang in ka koi ngeng ngong hi. Zou pomlou a Zo pen jaat chin kigawmna min ahi chie khen sawm chiit chiette nuijat huoi kasa maimai hi. Manpur Government in Zo chia ang na recognise ana hita leh ZOU pen jaat chin kigawmna ahi kichi kia ngeng ngong vem maw. Nuijat huoi.
ReplyDeleteZo/Zou suon kahi chia chitah leh ngaina tah a nasep sawm kihileh Manipur in ana recognise sa min khat um tuopen ma hi hang e chia ki gawm suh ngeng ngong ding ihi.
UZO um a Zo suonte kigawmna ding min dang kikhup, ZYO um a ZYA, Zomi Sangnaupang um a ZSF. Zo minngai toh nasem nuom tantan ihi na di uai le?